Objective Approximately 30% of the human genes encode proteins that enter the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) by a hydrophobic sequence called the signal sequence. Most of these proteins are transported to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and subsequent delivery to the endosomes, cell surface, and the extracellular space. There is good understanding of this process of ¿conventional¿ protein secretion. Surprisingly, there is another class of cytoplasmic proteins that are secreted even though they a lack signal sequence to enter the ER. How are such proteins secreted? The yeast protein a-factor achieves this goal by direct transport across the plasma membrane via an ABC transporter encoded by the STE6 gene. Little else of significance is known about this ¿unconventional¿ secretory pathway.Our new findings reveal that secretion of signal sequence lacking acyl-coA binding protein or Acb1 in Saccharomyces cerevisae and Pichia pastoris requires autophagy related genes, fusion of membranes with early endosomes, formation of multivesicular body and the plasma membrane fusion protein (t-SNARE) called Sso1p. Our results indicate that secretion of Acb1 is mediated by a secretory autophagosomes. The secretion of Acb1 therefore does not follow the same pathway as the a-factor. But how is Acb1 packed into an autophagosome and why doesn¿t the secretory autophagosome fuse with the vacuole? In other words what is the difference between a secretory and a degradative autophagosome? Does an autophagosome-like vesicle also secrete cytokines, which lack a signal sequence to enter the ER? Our aim is to address these key questions. Many unconventionally secreted proteins regulate tissue organization, behavior (anxiety and addiction), angiogenesis, immune surveillance and diabetes. Understanding the mechanism of this poorly understood process is therefore of fundamental importance. Fields of science natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesproteinsmedical and health sciencesclinical medicineendocrinologydiabetes Programme(s) FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific programme: "Ideas" implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2007 to 2013) Topic(s) ERC-AG-LS3 - ERC Advanced Grant - Cellular and Developmental Biology Call for proposal ERC-2010-AdG_20100317 See other projects for this call Funding Scheme ERC-AG - ERC Advanced Grant Coordinator FUNDACIO CENTRE DE REGULACIO GENOMICA Address Carrer doctor aiguader 88 08003 Barcelona Spain See on map Region Este Cataluña Barcelona Activity type Research Organisations Administrative Contact Pedro Corral (Mr.) Principal investigator Vivek Malhotra (Dr.) Links Contact the organisation Opens in new window Website Opens in new window EU contribution No data Beneficiaries (1) Sort alphabetically Sort by EU Contribution Expand all Collapse all FUNDACIO CENTRE DE REGULACIO GENOMICA Spain EU contribution € 2 206 963,00 Address Carrer doctor aiguader 88 08003 Barcelona See on map Region Este Cataluña Barcelona Activity type Research Organisations Administrative Contact Pedro Corral (Mr.) Principal investigator Vivek Malhotra (Dr.) Links Contact the organisation Opens in new window Website Opens in new window Other funding No data
