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Exploitable results
CUIDAD is a European Working Group coordinated by IRCAM in order to gather institutions, industries and users interested in the content processing of music.
Initial objective:
The growing emergence of network services and of Internet users has pushed content access and among them music applications. Low bandwidth and information overload now call for the development of smarter data representation schemes precisely based on contents. The objective of the CUIDAD working group was to precise and meet industrial and user needs by helping technologies in content processing of music to be developed not only for on-line applications.
Results:
The group has been the most active and important group in MPEG 7 – Audio, leading to a standardized Description of Instrumental Timbre and contributing to the Multimedia Description Scheme. CUIDAD has been raising awareness on the challenge of Music Content Description, calling for industrial and research interest in participating into MPEG 7 and presenting ongoing projects in Content Processing of Music in a large number of workshops in different communities.
During the Vancouver MPEG meeting (July 99) the standard was defined as “Application Centric”. This meant that the CUIDAD descriptors (mainly universal low and medium levels descriptors), should end up in a Description scheme dedicated to an application, this application being the test case for being accepted in the standard. After some discussion about working on a Melody Description, the CUIDAD group finally focused on the Instrument Timbre Description and entered the Core Experiment phase. In this phase partners had to demonstrate into paper submitted to the MPEG meetings, that the proposed Timbre Descriptors should be retained for the standard. After more than a year of intense MPEG exchanges (though reflectors and meetings), in the last MPEG meeting in La Baule (October 2000), the Timbre Descriptors were promoted to Core Draft (CD), and should be published with the first version of MPEG 7 in July 2001. The Timbre Description is currently made of two Types (T) one for Harmonic sounds and one for Percussive sounds which use part or all of the following descriptors (D):
-Log-Attack Time (lat).
-Harmonic Spectral Centroid (hsc).
-Harmonic Spectral Deviation (hsd).
-Harmonic Spectral Spread (hss).
-Harmonic Spectral Variation (hsv).
-Spectral Centroid (sc).
-Temporal Centroid (tc).
In parallel the CUIDAD group was actively participating in what makes MPEG7 really different from previous standards: the Multimedia Description Scheme. This scheme should be common to audio, video and systems discussion groups and should address the problems of interoperability and scalability.
CUIDAD also proposed a data type model called Scalable Series allowing to encode the descriptions in a scalable form.
Conclusion:
CUIDAD has reached and overcomes its objectives related to MPEG 7 and managed to bring innovative ideas and reports to a large and diversified audience thanks to an active dissemination activity. If we put these achievements in perspective with the European Community Objectives we can argue that CUIDAD:
-Brought a strong European contribution to the audio part of MPEG7, reinforcing European competences in this area.
-Improved cohesion and co-operation of the European audio and music R&D community. Dissemination activities have reached at least 1000 researchers in Europe.
-Helped the Consolidation of the state-of-the-art in advanced digital audio/music research through 9 workshops, publications and CUIDAD reports.
-Had a strong impact on industrial RTD since several companies have been convinced to further participate in MPEG7 and to be part of the following collaborative activities at European level:
-CUIDADO (Content-based Unified Interfaces for Distributed Audio/music Databases available Online), an IST RTD project to be started in January 2001 dedicated to Music Browsers and Sound Processing tools using MPEG 7 descriptors (Ircam (FR), BGU (IS), Oracle (ES), Sony (FR), UPF (ES), CreamWare (DE), ArtsPages (NO).
-GAME, a new research project on human-computer interaction in the context of music and game control to be redesigned in 2001.
-MEI, a Music Encoding Initiative to be proposed as a EU Concerted Action for bringing Music into the Interactive Media Age and meant for music content providers, application builders and musicians.
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