To investigate our theories, we first embarked on a series of studies focused on sensory deprivations. In an early blind individual using our sensory substitution device converting visual images to sounds and training we show utterly new sensory maps in high-level brain regions, organized according to pitch and temporal changes, which have not existed beforehand and normally develop only in early sensory regions in childhood. We further demonstrate in blind individuals that the deprived visual brain areas preserve specialization for processing visual objects such as faces or shapes, albeit presented through sounds, as well as their unique connectivity patterns across the whole brain. Finally, with our sound-based sensory-motor device for audio-guided navigation, we show that people can rapidly learn to navigate complex mazes in real and virtual environments. Interestingly the engaged brain area for this task is the navigation area ‘V6’ (which typically integrates signals from the visual receptors), even in people who have never used it for vision. Our these findings indicate that the visual brain functional development is not limited by critical periods, and can be reprogrammed through training to process other sensory information. This also led us to frame the ‘reversible plasticity gradient’ theory in our 2020 review paper concerning sensory-deprived populations where we suggest that while brain plasticity indeed decreases with age, it can be reignited at any point in life. Next, we tested the potential for auditory rehabilitation through NSEs in hearing aid and cochlear implant (CIs) users. The motivation came from the fact that an estimated 2.5 billion people worldwide are predicted to suffer from hearing loss by 2050 (WHO), and untreated hearing impairment is linked to a higher risk of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia. Partnering with leading European and Israeli centers we created tactile-based training methods that enable perception of 3D surroundings in both simple and complex distracting environments, as well as improve speech in noise comprehension. The spatial localization abilities of the hearing impaired improved significantly, with 50% experiencing the 3D moving tactile sources on the fingertips as originating from beyond their physical reach; a phenomenon known as “distal attribution” which typically develops only for the visual and auditory sense during early childhood. We also developed an audio-tactile speech rehabilitation program which was revealed through neuroimaging studies to engage multiple brain regions, some of which are typical for the life-long trained audio-visual speech perception (e.g. during lip-reading). These findings have immense potential for auditory rehabilitation, harnessing the brain's remarkable ability for sensory adaptation in adulthood. In order to examine the possibility of enhancing existing senses in healthy subjects through NSEs, we also developed a system enabling participants to reconstruct 360º images using combined 3D auditory and visual inputs after minimal training, thus “expanding” the frontal visual field to the back. Similarly, by converting auditory signals into tactile feedback, we created a proof-of-concept NSE that allowed participants to merge normal hearing with info-sounds, resulting in enhanced auditory perception (thus developing superior sensing abilities). We also explored cross-modal perception, showing that people can distinguish water temperatures from the sounds of pouring, which was also confirmed by a deep machine learning model. We have continuously focused on disseminating our research to academic and general public audiences; publishing more than 30 peer-reviewed papers in high impact journals (e.g. Current Biology, PloS One, J. Neurosci., Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., PNAS, Sci Rep) and presenting at numerous international symposiums and conferences (e.g. International Multisensory Research Forum, International Society for Neuroscience, Organisation for Human Brain Mapping, and World Congress of Audiology). We have also been featured on various media platforms including podcasts and news outlets (e.g. Forbes, Haaretz, etc.) and national television, and even created an NSE exhibition at a UNESCO world heritage site (Bet Govrin).