During its four-year duration, BAM! brought together scientists and engineers from multiple disciplines — including geology, biology, environmental science, and data analytics — to study how minerals and living organisms can jointly capture CO2.
The project began by testing a wide range of natural materials and biological components under laboratory conditions to identify the most promising combinations for enhanced weathering. These studies showed that both biological activity and physical conditions (such as mixing and exposure to air and water) can significantly increase the rate at which rocks absorb CO2.
Building on these findings, BAM! designed and built an advanced experimental reactor that allowed researchers to observe and control the weathering process in real time. This new system made it possible to measure CO2 capture rates more precisely and to test how different operating conditions affect performance.
Digital tools, including machine learning, were used to analyse large amounts of data and to identify which conditions led to the most efficient CO2 uptake. This data-driven approach reduced the need for lengthy trial-and-error experiments and improved understanding of the key processes involved.
The project also explored practical routes for applying the concept in the future, for example by using industrial residues such as mineral by-products from manufacturing. These materials could potentially serve as feedstock for weathering systems, turning waste streams into resources for climate mitigation.
Results and insights were shared through scientific publications, open data, and outreach activities, contributing to the wider knowledge base on carbon removal and helping to inform future technological development and policy discussions.
