Objective
Chemokines are small-secreted proteins that recruit white blood cells to the sites of inflammation. They play a fundamental role in the host defence against infection by viruses, bacteria and parasites. The protective effects of chemokines can however turn harmful to healthy tissues when their expression is inadequate. Chemokines contribute therefore to the damage in a wide range of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Chemokines have also been involved in number of other physiological and pathological processes. MCP-1 contributes to the development of artery-blocking plaques in atherosclerosis. Several chemokinare involved in cancer, either as growth factor GRO alpha), or as agents promotineo angiogenesis (IL-8). Others, such as PF-4, have potent angiostatic properties, and are considered as potential anticancer agents. MIP-1alpha, amon others, regulates differentiation, mobilization and proliferation of bone arrow stem cells. Recently, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES have been identified as the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ lymphocytes, and two chemokine receptors (an orphan receptor termed fusin, and CC-CKR5) were shown constitute the accessory factors (in addition to CD4) required for HIV-1 fusion with its host cells. This array of biological functions makes of chemokines and their Gprotein-couple receptors important targets for the pharmaceutical industry, in various therapeutic areas. Importantly, the range of actions of individual chemokines, and the cell distribution of their receptors, is relatively specific, as compared to other cytokine and cytokine receptor families.
Therapeutic agents acting on restricted cell populations can therefore be considered. Nevertheless, much has still to be done to apprehend chemokine signaling as a whole. Over 25 chemokines, and more than a dozen chemokine orputative chemokine receptors have been described, but relatively few links have been made so far between ligands and receptors. This suggests that many remembers, in each gene family, are still to be discovered, an hypothesis largely supported by the results of recent experiments aiming at identifying new molecules. Chemokine and chemokine receptor genes are known to be clustered in the human genome. Taking advantage of this clustering, the aim of the program is to study the ligand and receptor families using an integrated and targeted approach at the genomic level.
The program will specifically:
1) establish precise physical and sequence ready maps of the chemokine and chemokine receptor clusters of the human genome;
2) identify novel members of both families by polymerase chain reaction and shotgun sequencing of BACs;
3) produce recombinant proteins from the newly identified genes, and investigate which chemokines are active on which receptors;
4) determine the cell-type, and/or stimulus-dependent regulation of the genes expression;
5) delineate the array of biological activities of the novel chemokines, by in vitro and in vivo assays; 6)investigate the involvement of novel chemokines and receptors in a variety of human diseases, with a special emphasis on chronic inflammatory diseases and AIDS. Recently discovered chemokines and receptors will be included in this study as well.
This multidisciplinary program will bring together leading laboratories in their respective areas and a European biotechnology company. The expertise of the partners is highly complementary. The research is expected to bring into light new chemokines and receptors that will constitute novel targets for drug discovery. This program and its subsequent developments will therefore contribute to improve the competitiveness of the European biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- medical and health sciences basic medicine pharmacology and pharmacy drug discovery
- medical and health sciences health sciences inflammatory diseases
- medical and health sciences clinical medicine cardiology cardiovascular diseases arteriosclerosis
- medical and health sciences health sciences infectious diseases RNA viruses HIV
- medical and health sciences medical biotechnology cells technologies stem cells
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Programme(s)
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Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
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Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Coordinator
1070 BRUXELLES
Belgium
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.