Objective
The industry of implants in orthopaedics and dentistry is a multibillion ECU market. For many years, interdisciplinary efforts from the industry and medical teams (physicians, dentists and bioengineers) are made to develop implants with better prognosis, many more years of function and less failures and need for revisions. Today, the implant stability depends very much on achieving an intimate tight physical fit of the implant surface to the surrounding cortical dense bone matrix.
The materials of choice are selected according with two main criteria:
one is minimum wear and change of the implant during function and the second, its biological compatibility with the surrounding cellular environment as well as systemic effects. It is therefore not surprising, that an implant composed of several components and materials is needed to fulfil the above requirement s. Recently several industries are involved in developing coatings for metal implants to improve the biointegration of the implant. Modification of implant surface by means of plasma spray with hydroxyapatite (HAP) bioactive glass and pure titanium (pure Ti) coatings, although increased the implant bone tissue interface, it did not induce bone to form specifically along the interface. Moreover, in most cases, the nature of bone implant interface does not activate this bone to create a continuity of trabeculi with the host bone. Currently calcium carbonates, particularly those produced during natural mineralisation processes in the marine environment, are among the most biocompatible biomaterials used as bone graft substitutes. It was shown, that some Coral skeletons induce a response from the host bone tissue which results in its biological integration and replacement by new bone. In fact, INTERPORE company in the US coated dental implant with coral which was converted into HAP. Subsequently, the Mother of Pearl Nacre was found to be a useful material for implantation, especially in the oral cavity. This calcium carbonate biomaterial, derived from the shell of Oysters, is neither resorbed nor replaced by bone. It is however, a very induc tive surface for bone formation as was shown by the French investigators. It is possible that apart from its calcium carbonate specific architecture and structure, its organic matrix may have an important role in inducing bone to form on its surface.
Based on these observations, we propose to investigate three different coating procedures in order to identify the optimal coating for implants which will stimulate bone formation on the implant coated surface and this way create a biological physical continuity of bone between the implant surface, the bone deposited on it and the host bone tissue.
Our main goal is to develop an implant surface coat which will activate the surrounding cells to form bone on its surface and that this bone will be stimulated by functional loads to create a trabecular architectural continuity of bone from the implant surface to the host cortical bone. The project is divided into three following phases:
compare different oyster genus, specifically Pinctada margaritifera and Haliotis tuberculata for their bone inductive capacity and compare it to Pinctada maxima and select the most inductive genus; prepare different particle size of the Nacre and coat titanium alloy (Ti6AI4\/) samples; prepare prototypes of coated implants based on results achieved in task 1 and in task 2, analyse th eir biocompatibility and bone inductive properties comparing with HAP and pure Ti coatings. We are estimating that at the end of the first year of this pro ject, we shall have the information about the choice of the type of oyster best to fit our objectives, the optimal Nacre size and procedures of powder coating of the implant as well as the facilities which are involved in the biological coating of Nacre. This will be the basic recommendation to start immediately creating industrial targets and production with the help of the companies involved in this project as well as creating new industries for the biocoating.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- medical and health sciences clinical medicine odontology dental implantology
- natural sciences chemical sciences inorganic chemistry inorganic compounds
- engineering and technology materials engineering coating and films
- medical and health sciences clinical medicine orthopaedics
- medical and health sciences medical biotechnology implants
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Coordinator
10040 CASELETTE
Italy
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