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In order to perfect dyeing recipes in this medium, three main routes have been investigated: treatment of the textile substrate, alteration of the dye molecule, and modification of the solvent properties. With increasing pressure, temperature, density and time a better dyeing result of natural fibres is achieved with regard to depth of shade and level-ness. Adding modifiers such as water and methanol further improves dyeing results. Applying a fabric pre-treatment or using a fluoro-surfactant may also bring enhancements for cotton dyeing. Other parameters such as agitation, a gradually pressure reduction, the arrangement of the different ingredients within the dyeing chamber, or SCO(2) post-rinsing also proved to be relevant. In most cases the analysis of natural fibres dyed from SCO(2) revealed a more or less pronounced ring-dyeing effect. Dyeing of polyester blends with dispersed and solvent dyes from SCO(2) led to deep colorations. The polyester component is intensely dyed and over the whole fibre cross-section, but the cotton or wool component is mainly ring-dyed. A homogeneous coloration of both components of polyester/wool blends is achieved by application of reactive disperse dyes for the wool and conventional disperse dyestuffs for the polyester.
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