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Deliverables
The objective of the project is the conception of a portable and easy to use equipment, multi-sensor (it will contain several acoustical sensors, a temperature sensor and adapted methods in signal processing), able to detect and classify various types and density of insects (weevil, angoumois grain moth, lesser grain borer, flour beetle) in various types of grain (wheat, barley, maize, rice).
At present, the verification of the grain is not very reliable. In deed, with the existing technologies and norms, the required detection is made through the sampling of 1 kg of grain inspected with a sifter: low tested volume, no detection of hidden shapes. We know that, in the short run, there will be a strengthening of official norms about insect presence and accepted insecticides. And there isn't other similar product on the market.
Cereals stocking and first processing organisms would mainly use this equipment and not much agriculturists that are less concerned by pests. There would be two main utilisations for the detector:
-To verify the grain coming from harvest or another place of stocking (by truck, train, barge).
-To control periodically of the grain during stocking phases.
The information (detection, classification and density estimation) given by the detector will have to be available to the user and to an external access. The detection time is less than two minutes. The equipment also integrates another function very useful to monitor the quality of the grains when they arrive or during their stocking phase: a temperature measure. Today, the project is completed and the prototype fully tested and validated.
There are today in Europe more than 1500 stocking organisms (SO) for cereals or oil seeds and proteaginous (pulses). Every SO owning an average of 2 to 3 sites. The stocking centre parks throughout Europe for grains and seeds represent 4000 sites. Outside the European Union, the big producing and exporting countries are United States of America, Canada, Australia and Argentina on one hand, and Africa and Asia on the other hand.
At a worldwide level and only for barley, the cost due to insect treatment is about 1000 millions Euros.
All these potential users need analytic means to:
-Monitor the quality in terms of presence of insects (detection, classification and estimation of density) of the products provided by suppliers or stocked on sites.
-Help for the identification of invisible shapes hidden in grain (grub). There are ten hidden shapes for one visible.
-Help for the traceability of the grains from the field to the consumer, and for the decision on the treatments to be done on the seeds and grains (for bio-product and ISO 9000 by instance).
The price of our detector may be about 8000 Euro. It must be noticed that a similar detector can be easily developed to be used in cotton, coffee, wood, tobacco, soy, colza, sunflower, spices and other stored products.
But there are also potential barriers:
-An official certification (like INRA certification, European Eco Label, NF Environment) would be needed for a good commercial development of the detector.
-The detector must respect rigorous norms (alimentary quality, Electromagnetic Compatibility, norm CE).
-The price of the detector (about 8000 Euro).
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