Objective
Aim of the project is the demonstration of an indirect energy-saving and economic acceptable refrigeration/deepfreeze installation in a supermarket. The system contains no (H)CFC. The cold generation system applies ammonia. The secondary system contains a circulating ice/water slurry. Freezing installations require additional cooling.
To limit the risks of the implementation of the ultimate project, two stages have been introduced as preparations for the implementation of the full project : the third stage. In first instance a 20 kW small Flo-Ice system has been designed and implemented in a large butcher's trade company (van Hoof) in Mol (Belgium). The second stage contains the design and implementation of a 67 kW Flo-Ice system with 5 ice scrapers, but with traditional cooling in the primary circuit (application in a Groenwoudt supermarket in Almere in the Netherlands). The third stage is the ultimate, full, project : a primary 90 kW system with ammonia, a secondary system with ice-slurry and a tertiary system for freezing. This project will be implemented in a Albert Heyn supermarket in the Netherlands. In discussion is the site to be chosen for the implementation and the size of the ice scrapers : to limit maintenance costs larger ice scrapers (up to 50 kW each) could be preferred. For the preparation of the design of the ultimate Flo-Ice/ammonia system a test installation with 1 ice scraper with a capacity of 3 kW has been built.
Results of the 20 kW small Flo-Ice system with 2 ice scrapers have been given by the Belgium research organisation VITO. Measurements of energy saving, in combination with model predictions, gives 14% energy savings in comparison with direct systems. The next table give predictions of energy consumptions for different systems, calculated with the (revised) model of Fri-Jado. The model is adapted according to the data from the monitoring period of the 20 kW system.
The system is cost effective if production can take place on a regular base. The content of harmfull refrigerants can remarkably be reduced, in comparison with direct expansion systems.
A risc assessment has been carried out by TNO for the safety of the application of ammonia compression in cooling for supermarkets.
The proposed system is composed by the following main elements :
- primary ammonia system :
The cold generation ammonia system is composed of air-cooled condensors and compressors in the primary circuit. Temperature will be lowered to -11°C.The system contains only approx. 6 kg of ammonia. The compressors are specially designed for this application, due to the small size and the use of ammonia. The cold is exchanged to the secondary system with a cold exchanger.
- secondary cold distribution system with buffer :
The secondary system is a cold distribution system in which a water/ice slurry will be circulated. To lower the freezing point to -6°C the mixture contains ethanol. Pressure of the system is 1 bar. In the mixture is cooled down by the ammonia system. The generation cristal mixture is cooled down by the ammonia system. The generation of the ice cristals takes place by scraper-systems in the cold exchanger. The ice-cristals have a large latent heat content. In combination with a buffering system of the water/ice slurry the cooling capacity of the whole system can be lowered compared to current systems. The temperature of -6°C is sufficient for the cooling installations. The freezing installations require additional cooling. In the various cases the content of ice cristals is lowered from the initial 50% to 10% when the slurry enters the cold exchanger.
- tertiary freezing installation :
In the freezing installation the secondary system lowers the temperature of the freezing system to -35°C. The tertiary system has a thawing system based on hot pressure gas instead of electrical heating. The system contains HFC as refrigerant.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques.
- engineering and technologymechanical engineeringthermodynamic engineering
- natural scienceschemical sciencesorganic chemistryalcohols
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Topic(s)
Call for proposal
Data not availableFunding Scheme
DEM - Demonstration contractsCoordinator
4879 Etten-Leur
Netherlands