Objective
Refurbishement one of a residential building, containing 132 apartments, in Heerlerbaan (NL) by integrating and combining the folowing innovative technologies :replacing block heating by small scale cogeneration unit integrated with 345 m² collective solar heating systems for DHW and equipped with two indirect storage tanks of 15 m³ and 5 m³; application of a new developed high efficiency MVHR unit (n=90%) with DC fans. In addition, the applicability of the demonstrated technologies is assessed, by the participating housing associations and local utility, in order to implement this combination of technologies in a large number of similar residential buildings. Primary aim is to reduce the primary energy use by 51% when compared to the current situation.
The project will take approximately 3.4 years in total to complete all phases and additional benefits will include reduction of CO2 by 541ton/year and a comparison of the energy performance and indoor quality of two similar buildings.
During the demonstration between October 1996 and May 1997 no major problems occurred concerning the functioning and performance of the multifunctional appliances.
Gas consumption for space heating decreased by 48% compared to adjacent similar complexes, only by retrofitting the heating system. In contradiction, gas consumption for DHW increased. This problem is not inherent to MFA's but due to an increase in comfort of hot water supply in relation to small water heaters like the former unvented "geysers". As a result of this conclusion, further experiments are carried out concerning measures to limit the hot water consumption without affecting the comfort.
Electricity consumption of the MFA's is about 130 Kwh higher than expected. In the next generation MFA's direct-current fans will be applied, decreasing electricity use by 50%, and high efficiency heat recovery systems (laminar cross-flow heat exchangers) with an efficiency >90% will be applied. The development of the next generation is now in progress. Feedback of this Thermie project is used for further improvements.
Economic viability:
The simple pay-back time is 4.66 years. The expected life time of the installation is 15 years.
Environmental impact:
As a global effect it is calculated that due to annual reduction of gas consumption of 86.000 kg a reduction in the emission of 189.000 kg CO2, 172 kg NOx and 34 kg VOC per year is reached for the 120 apartments. The atmospheric low NOx burner additionally reduces the emission of polluted gases. The MFA is made of recyclable metals like stainless steel and copper.
REPLICATION
Commercialisation activities are not carried out; the components applied are commercially available at installers. The know-how obtained during the project is spread non-commercially by visiting conferences and publications in magazines.
MFA's are now an accepted solution for energy efficient new residential buildings and dwellings as well as for energy retrofitting processes.
Housing corporation Heerlerbaan in the Netherlands and KOWO in Erfurt, DE, have many representative post war residential buildings for social housing with serious problems in the field of high energy use due to thermal losses and inefficiency of heating systems as well as poor indoor air quality as a result of poorly functioning ventilation systems.
As many of these residential buildings space heating is delivered by energy supply. In Erfurt by district heating; in Heerlerbaan by central block heating.
There are two major benefits to maintain the principle of energy supply :
- efficient combined generation has more environmental benefits regarded to primary energy use and CO2 emissions.
- maintaining the infra and distribution structure keeps the possibility open for the future to use sustainable and/or renewable energy sources, fuel cells, etc.
In project Heerlerbaan the central boilers are replaced by a small scale cogeneration plant. Ventilation losses are strongly reduced by applying a new development in MVHR (laminar counter flow exchangers with an energy efficiency of >90%). Also support energy is reduced with 50% by using DC fans. MVHR also guarantees high IAQ in airtight and well insulated buildings. The combination of collective energy supply (cogeneration) with collective solar systems is innovative and not been applied in the Netherlands so far. This demonstration offer the opportunity to make this combination by integrating a solar system in the roof of the building. The solar system gives a contribution of more than 50% to DHW demand.
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Coordinator
6200 Maastricht
Netherlands
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.