Objective TO DEVELOP TEST METHODS WHICH REPLACE OR REDUCE THE USE OF EXPERIMENTAL VERTEBRATE ANIMALS. The kinetic characteristics of aniline hydroxylase and N-methylaniline demethylase were determined in different tissue preparations after optimising experimental conditions. While liver S9 and red blood cell supernatants were characterised by comparing enzymic efficacy, the use of whole red blood cells was more effective for N-methylaniline. This suggested that membrane or cellular integrity was important. The roles of reduced nicotamide adenine dinuceotide (NADH) and reduced nicotamide adenine dinuceotide phosphate (NADPH) were investigated and both cofactors were found to be essential for maximum reactivity.TWO ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS ARE UTILIZED, WHICH DO NOT INVOLVE THE USE OF LABORATORY ANIMALS. THEY ARE HUMAN RED CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES) AND EXTRACTS FROM PLANTS. A NUMBER OF END POINTS ARE STUDIED, IN PARTICULAR IN BACTERIA (FORWARD MUTATIONS, RESERVE MUTATIONS, SOS FUNCTIONS) AND IN MAMMALIAN CELLS CULTURE ( CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS, SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGE). VARIOUS CLASSES OF CHEMICALS, REQUIRING DIFFERENT MODES OF ACTIVATION ARE SCREENED. THE RESULTS OBTAINED ARE COMPARED WITH THOSE PROVIDED BY THE SAME TESTS USING THE CLASSICAL S9 ACTIVATION SYSTEM. Fields of science natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiologybacteriologynatural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsmutationnatural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesenvironmental sciencespollution Programme(s) FP1-ENVPROT 4C - Multiannual research and development programmes (EEC) in the field of the environment - Protection of the environment -, 1986-1990 Topic(s) Data not available Call for proposal Data not available Funding Scheme CSC - Cost-sharing contracts Coordinator UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN Address Place de l'universite 1 Louvain-la-neuve Belgium See on map Links Website Opens in new window EU contribution € 0,00 Participants (4) Sort alphabetically Sort by EU Contribution Expand all Collapse all LLAGOSTERA Spain EU contribution € 0,00 Address Bettaterna See on map NATARAJAN EU contribution € 0,00 Address See on map Palitti Italy EU contribution € 0,00 Address 56100 Pisa See on map RUEFF Portugal EU contribution € 0,00 Address Lisboa See on map
