Smart structures technologies seek to apply some added capability to existing or new structures. This capability may be sensorial (strain and damage monitoring) or active (active damping and shape control). Expected benefits are a higher safety level of the structure, and a lower Life Cycle Cost, by decreasing maintenance costs.
This Project has been the first attempt worldwide to apply Smart technologies to Wind turbine blades. Safety and maintenance costs are two major issues in wind turbines, due to their special operating conditions (remote sites, difficulties for dismounting and inspecting the blades,...). Wind energy industry would benefit immediately from any advance in this direction.
The project concluded with the manufacturing by means of standard industrial methods of a glass fibre / epoxy matrix blade, 12m long, with embedded sensors. These were placed where standard electrical gages and accelerometers were located for a certification's measurements, according to the state of the art.
This blade was tested in the same way and testing site where existing blades are certified, demonstrating their survivability and excellent correspondence of measurement to conventional sensors. Even more, it was shown that the calibration time was dramatically reduced compared to the use of conventional strain gages. Identical results were obtained with piezoelectrics and accelerometers, for the first five modes.