Objective
The clay materials used in the brick industries are currently monitored to avoid air and ground water pollution. Some areas suffer from a severe pollution by emission of fluoride into the atmosphere and its subsequent transport into the ground water as clay may contain 200 to 1200 ug/g of F. As an example, the brick and ceramic industry is responsible for 50% of the total F emission in The Netherlands. The emissions are calculated from the difference in the F content of clay and the final product (brick). Chloride is responsible for corrosion and has to be determined to assess this risk. Problems have been observed during baking of clay. In some cases, raw materials are rejected if the Cl and F contents are too high which cause an economic concern. As a consequence, many European countries have implemented legislations for the maximum authorised values in gaseous emission of F and Cl from brick industries, which strongly stresses the need for the control of the quality of measurements and therefore for the production of reference materials.
Status:
Certification to be concluded by the end of 1992 (candidate CRM 461)
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CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
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Coordinator
1755 ZG PETTEN
Netherlands
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Participants (14)
12205 BERLIN
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69390 Vernaison
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6200 AABENRAA
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9000 GENT
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VERNEUIL EN HALATTE
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1000 BRUXELLES
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1000 BRUXELLES
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45141 ESSEN
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44649 Herne
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20097 San Donato Milanese
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6904 AE De Steeg
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PLYMOUTH
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33006 OVIEDO
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02150 ESPOO
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