Project description
Reducing treatment side effects of aortic valve disease
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a popular treatment for aortic valve disease, especially for the elderly. However, there is a high risk of stroke after TAVI procedure in 5–7 % of the patients, due to cerebral embolic signals. To address this problem, the EU-funded OPTAVI project aims to optimise the performance of cerebral embolic protection devices (CEPD), which are used to reduce the debris going to the brain. Scientists will obtain a more in-depth physical understanding to enhance the hydrodynamic efficacy of CEPD and generate a CEPD design that offers maximum cerebral protection.
Objective
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has quickly become the clinical standard for patients with medium to high risk for surgery. Despite being a promising treatment for aortic valve disease in the elderly, stroke remains a major complication of TAVI. Large randomized clinical trials reported stroke within 30 days in 5-7% of the patients undergoing TAVI . TCD ultrasound imaging has showed cerebral embolic signals in 100% of the TAVI patients, mainly during valve deployment. Cerebral embolic protection devices (CEPD) have been developed to reduce the migration of debris to the brain during TAVI, and resulted in 44-46% decrease in brain lesions. Despite this progress, the risk still remains significant. Current CEPDs are based on fairly simple-minded ideas, e.g. placing filters inside brachiocephalic and left common cartoid arteries (e.g. Sentinel), or simply covering the arteries in the aortic arch with a filter to deflect the debris downstream (e.g. TriGaurd HDH). Because the flow here is turbulent and laden with solid particles, more advanced physical understanding is needed to examine and/or enhance the hydrodynamic efficacy of CEPDs. This project aims at creating a 3D nonlinear adjoint-based framework on top of an existing GPU-accelerated flow solver for optimization of the CEPDs performance when exposed to the particle-laden turbulent flow in the aorta. First, the flow through a model of a prosthetic heart valve will be extended to include the full geometry of the thoracic aorta using an Immersed Boundary Method. Second, a Lagrangian model for finite-sized particles representing embolic debris will be coupled into the flow solver. Third, a deflection-based CEPD geometry will be introduced into the model. Fourth, nonlinear adjoint-based variational capabilities will be added on top of the particle-laden turbulent flow solver. Iterative direct-adjoint looping simulations will be then performed to obtain a CEPD design with maximum cerebral protection.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- medical and health sciences clinical medicine surgery
- medical and health sciences basic medicine neurology stroke
- natural sciences mathematics pure mathematics geometry
- natural sciences physical sciences acoustics ultrasound
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Keywords
Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
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H2020-EU.1.3. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
MAIN PROGRAMME
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H2020-EU.1.3.2. - Nurturing excellence by means of cross-border and cross-sector mobility
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Topic(s)
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Funding Scheme
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)
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Call for proposal
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
(opens in new window) H2020-MSCA-IF-2019
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Net EU financial contribution. The sum of money that the participant receives, deducted by the EU contribution to its linked third party. It considers the distribution of the EU financial contribution between direct beneficiaries of the project and other types of participants, like third-party participants.
CB2 1TN CAMBRIDGE
United Kingdom
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.