Phages against wood degrading bacteria
Wood both in cultural heritage and archeological sites suffers from extensive degradation caused by bacteria. The knowledge available on bacteria identity and the wood decay process is rather limited. Some evidence supports that they attack in places with almost anaerobic conditions, such as foundation poles or ship wrecks buried underground. BACPOLES researchers combined their expertise with the aim first to identify these bacteria and then elucidate their mechanism of action. Part of their efforts focused on molecular analyses of wood samples and for the first time BACPOLES scientists were successful in isolating and purifying these bacteria in vitro. Systematic research based on available literature, morphological studies, molecular analyses and occurrence in collected samples was performed to create a list of named bacteria. It was suggested that the bacteria under investigation exhibited increased similarity to CFB (Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteriodes) complex. Molecular analysis provided additional evidence for this. The potential of phages to be exploited as biological control agents for wood degradation was also illustrated. Further investigation is required to assess the efficiency of phages as preservatives and gain insights into their mode of action. Thorough studies are essential to establish a variety of favourable conditions for erosion bacteria to be isolated in the lab. The availability of multiple samples was ensured from the network partners; however, external contribution would be most beneficial. Construction of a detailed database with information on the process of wood degradation and the conditions under which this occurs is in progress. The socioeconomic impact of this concerted effort is vast contributing to the community and the environment. Historical buildings will be preserved for the next generations in advantage of both economy and tourism. Toxic biological agents will not be applied any more since better and cost-effective approaches are under development.
