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Mechanoradicals in Collagen

Descripción del proyecto

El papel de los mecanorradicales en la mecanodetección y el envejecimiento del colágeno

Es de sobra conocido que los polímeros sintéticos sometidos a tensión mecánica generan mecanorradicales debido a la ruptura de los enlaces químicos, aunque se desconoce la naturaleza y la importancia biológica de los mecanorradicales en las proteínas. No obstante, el colágeno es la principal proteína estructural de muchos tejidos conjuntivos orgánicos, cuyo envejecimiento constituye un problema esencial en la asistencia sanitaria. El proyecto RADICOL, financiado con fondos europeos, se propone investigar el papel de los mecanorradicales en el envejecimiento de los biomateriales a través de un método computacional y experimental. En este sentido, cálculos químicos cuánticos y simulaciones de dinámica molecular permitirán identificar enlaces y reacciones radicalarias ulteriores en el colágeno a escala atómica. Estas predicciones computacionales se evaluarán a continuación mediante experimentos bioquímicos y biofísicos. El proyecto proporcionará información nueva sobre la mecanodetección biológica y el envejecimiento.

Objetivo

Our tissues, in particular collagen as the most abundant protein in our body, are constantly exposed to mechanical loads, reaching multiples of the body weight. In artificial polymers, mechanical loads are known for a century to cause radical formation and chemical degradation processes. Mechanoradicals from bond ruptures, being highly reactive and oxidising, deteriorate the material, leading to stiffening and ageing. Ageing of organic tissue is a fundamental problem in health and disease, but a role of mechanoradicals has been a blind spot. Our simple but novel idea is to test the role of mechanoradicals for ageing of biomaterials. As a starting point, we have recently uncovered mechanoradicals in tensed tendon collagen. They readily react with water to form reactive oxygen species (ROS), key signalling molecules in a multitude of physiological processes including ageing.
I hypothesise that mechanoradicals generate a feedback loop resulting in accelerated collagen ageing. Using a scale-bridging combined computational and experimental approach, I will dissect the full lifecycle of mechanoradicals in collagen, from bond scission and radical migration to ROS formation, to uncover new mechanisms of radical-mediated ageing. We will perform quantum chemical calculations and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, including a new reactive Monte Carlo/MD scheme, to identify scissile bonds and subsequent radical reactions in atomistic collagen I fibril models. For validation, a combination of electron-paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and other biophysical experiments will be employed to measure degradation pathways, radicals and ROS under varying crosslink densities and types as present in young, aged and diseased tendon tissues.
RADICOL will establish protein mechanoradicals as an as yet uncovered source of oxidative stress, and as a new paradigm of biological mechanosensation and ageing.

Régimen de financiación

ERC-COG - Consolidator Grant

Institución de acogida

RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG
Aportación neta de la UEn
€ 1 998 873,00
Dirección
SEMINARSTRASSE 2
69117 Heidelberg
Alemania

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Región
Baden-Württemberg Karlsruhe Heidelberg, Stadtkreis
Tipo de actividad
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Enlaces
Coste total
€ 1 998 873,00

Beneficiarios (1)