Trade Law for the Data-Driven Economy

Project Information

TRADE LAW 4.0

Grant agreement ID: 101003216

DOI

10.3030/101003216

Project closed

EC signature date 4 February 2021

Start date 1 September 2021

End date 31 August 2026

Funded under

• EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC)

Total cost

€ 1 600 975,00

EU contribution

€ 1 600 975,00

Coordinated by

UNIVERSITAT LUZERN
Switzerland

CORDIS provides links to public deliverables and publications of HORIZON projects.

Links to deliverables and publications from FP7 projects, as well as links to some specific result types such as dataset and software, are dynamically retrieved from OpenAIRE .

Publications

Book chapters (27)

Security Exceptions (Including Cybersecurity)

Author(s): Mira Burri, Tania Voon
Published in: The Cambridge Companion to World Trade Law, 2026
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Cross-border Data Flows Regulation in Digital Economy Agreements

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: Open For Debate: Governance, Power, and the Limits of Internet Openness, 2026
Publisher: European University Institute

Digital Trade: New Design Elements in Preferential Trade Agreements

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: The Concept Design of a Twenty-First Century Preferential Trade Agreement, 2025, ISBN 9781009484640
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Data Flows and Global Trade Law

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Big Data and Global Trade Law, 2022, Page(s) 11-41
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
DOI: 10.1017/9781108919234.003

Digital Trade

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: The Cambridge Companion to World Trade Law, 2024
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Data Policies for AEC Post-2025 Vision

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: Where Next? Priorities for the ASEAN Economic Community Post-2025, 2025
Publisher: Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia

Privacy and Data Protection in Trade Agreements

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Elgar Encyclopedia of International Economic Law, 2026
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Digitaler Handel

Author(s): Mira Burri, Kristina Irion
Published in: Handels- und Kooperationsvertrag EU/GB, 2022, Page(s) 343-368
Publisher: Nomos

Introduction

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Big Data and Global Trade Law, 2022, Page(s) 1-8
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
DOI: 10.1017/9781108919234.001

Digital Trade under the Law of the World Trade Organization

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Elgar Encyclopedia of International Economic Law, 2026, ISBN 9781800882317
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Digital Trade Rulemaking in Free Trade Agreements

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Research Handbook on Digital Trade, 2023
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
DOI: 10.4337/9781800884953

Creating Data Flow Rules through Preferential Trade Agreements

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Data Sovereignty, 2023, Page(s) 264-292, ISBN 9780197582794
Publisher: Oxford University PressNew York
DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197582794.003.0012

§ 16 Digital trade

Author(s): Kristina Irion, Mira Burri
Published in: EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement, 2025, Page(s) 251-271
Publisher: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
DOI: 10.5771/9783748942870-251

Data Flows versus Data Protection: Mapping Existing Reconciliation Models in Global Trade Law

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: The Law and Economics of Regulation, 2021, Page(s) 129–158, ISBN 978-3-030-70532-9
Publisher: Springer
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70530-5

Inequalities in Digital Trade and Digital Trade Regulation

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Contested Equality: International and Comparative Legal Perspectives, 2024, Page(s) 203–220, ISBN 9781035325764
Publisher: Edward Elgar

The Law of Data-Driven Trade

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: The De Gruyter Handbook on Law and Digital Technologies, 2025
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

EU External Trade Policy in The Digital Age: Has Culture Been Left Behind?

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: European Union Economic Law and Culture, 2024
Publisher: Edward Elgar

Creating Data Flow Rules through Preferential Trade Agreements

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Data Sovereignty: From the Digital Silk Road to the Return of the State, 2024, Page(s) 264–291
Publisher: Oxford University Press

Digital Trade in Free Trade Agreements

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Elgar Encyclopedia of International Economic Law, 2026, ISBN 9781800882317
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

TRIPS-Plus Agreements

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: Elgar Encyclopedia of International Economic Law, 2026
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
DOI: 10.4337/9781800882324.trips.nt

Digital Trade: In Search of Appropriate Regulation

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Justice, Trade, Security and Individual Freedoms in the Digital Society, 2021, Page(s) 213–247, ISBN 978-84-1390-902-8
Publisher: Thomson/Reuters

Fake News in Times of Pandemic and Beyond: Enquiry into the Rationales for Regulating Information Platforms

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Law and Economics of the Coronavirus Crisis, 2022, Page(s) 31-58, ISBN 978-3-030-95875-6
Publisher: Springer

Inequality and sustainable development in digital trade regulation

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: The Elgar Companion to International Trade Law and the Sustainable Development Goals, 2026, Page(s) 95-107
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
DOI: 10.4337/9781035325573.00013

Adapting Trade Rules for the Age of Big Data

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Trade in Knowledge: Intellectual Property, Trade and Development in a Transformed Global Economy, 2022, Page(s) 591-622, ISBN 9781108748476
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Digital Transformation as a Reshaper of Global Trade Law

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Economic Analysis of Law in European Legal Scholarship, Law and Economics of the Digital Transformation, 2023, Page(s) 387-407
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-25059-0_13

Privacy and Data Protection

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: The Oxford Handbook of International Trade Law, 2022, Page(s) 745-767, ISBN 0192868381
Publisher: Oxford University Press

Future-Proofing the Global CBPR Forum

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: MPI Studies on Intellectual Property and Competition Law, Comparative Data Law, 2025, Page(s) 269-280
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-91401-0_14

Peer reviewed articles (23)

Interfacing Privacy and Trade

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law (JIL), Issue Volume 53, Issue 1, 2021, Page(s) 35-88, ISSN 0008-7254
Publisher: Case Western Reserve University

Evolving approaches to cross-border data flows: Latin American and African perspectives

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller, Franziska Sucker
Published in: International Data Privacy Law, Issue 16, 2026, ISSN 2044-3994
Publisher: Oxford University Press
DOI: 10.1093/idpl/ipaf037

Regulatory autonomy in digital trade agreements

Author(s): Mira Burri, Kholofelo Kugler
Published in: Journal of International Economic Law, Issue 27, 2024, Page(s) 397-423, ISSN 1369-3034
Publisher: Oxford University Press
DOI: 10.1093/jiel/jgae025

Charting the Course: TRIPS-Plus Agreements and the Intersection of Intellectual Property with Digital Trade

Author(s): Mira Burri, María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: American University Law Review, 2024, ISSN 0003-1453
Publisher: American University

Digital Trade, Development, and Inequality

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller, Kholofelo Kugler
Published in: AJIL Unbound, 2023, ISSN 2398-7723
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

What Are Digital Trade and Digital Trade Law?

Author(s): Mira Burri, Anupam Chander
Published in: AJIL Unbound, 2023, ISSN 2398-7723
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

A WTO Agreement on Electronic Commerce: An Enquiry into its Substance and Viability

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Georgetown Journal of International Law, Issue 53, 2022, ISSN 1550-5200
Publisher: Georgetown University Law Center

Human Rights Implications of Digital Trade Law

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Trade, Law and Development, 2025, ISSN 0975-3346
Publisher: National Law University, Jodhpur

The Evolution of Digital Trade Law: Insights from TAPED

Author(s): Mira Burri, María Vásquez Callo-Müller, Kholofelo Kugler
Published in: World Trade Review, 2024, ISSN 1474-7456
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Governing “European values” inside data flows

Author(s): Kristina Irion, Mira Burri, Ans Kolk, Stefania Milan
Published in: Internet Policy Review, Issue Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2021, ISSN 2197-6775
Publisher: Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society
DOI: 10.14763/2021.3.1582

Unilateral Cyber Sanctions: Between Questioned Legality and Normative Value

Author(s): Iryna Bogdanova, María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Issue 54, 2021, Page(s) 911-954, ISSN 0090-2594
Publisher: Vanderbilt

Digital Transformation: Heralding in a New Era for International Trade Law

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Trade, Law and Development, 2021, Page(s) 38-62, ISSN 0975-3346
Publisher: National Law University, Jodhpur

Towards a New Treaty on Digital Trade

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Journal of World Trade, Issue 55:1, 2021, Page(s) 77-100, ISSN 1011-6702
Publisher: Kluwer Law International

Cross-Border Data Flows and Privacy in Global Trade Law: Has Trade Trumped Data Protection?

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Issue 39, 2023, ISSN 0266-903X
Publisher: Oxford University Press

Regulating Source Code in Trade Agreements: Between Protection and Disclosure

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: World Trade Review, Issue 25, 2026, Page(s) 556-582, ISSN 1474-7456
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
DOI: 10.1017/s1474745626101578

The Digital Economy Agreements: A Path to Digital Trade Law 4.0?

Author(s): Mira Burri, María Vásquez Callo-Müller, Anja Mesmer
Published in: Trade, Law and Development, 2026, ISSN 0975-3346
Publisher: National Law University, Jodhpur

Understanding Digital Economy Agreements as a New Model of Trade Governance

Author(s): Mira Burri, María Vásquez Callo-Müller, Anja Mesmer
Published in: Legal Issues of Economic Integration, Issue 52, 2025, Page(s) 219-250, ISSN 1566-6573
Publisher: Kluwer Law International
DOI: 10.54648/leie2025011

The Impact of Digitalization on Global Trade Law

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: German Law Journal, Issue 24, 2023, Page(s) 551–573, ISSN 2071-8322
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Switzerland in the Global Landscape of Digital Trade Regulation

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Jusletter IT, 2023, ISSN 1664-848X
Publisher: Weblaw AG

Approaches to Digital Trade and Data Flow Regulation across Jurisdictions: Implications for the Future EU–ASEAN Agreement

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Legal Issues of Economic Integration, Issue 49 (2), 2022, Page(s) 149-168, ISSN 1566-6573
Publisher: Kluwer Law International
DOI: 10.54648/leie2022007

Digital Trade and Human Rights

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: AJIL Unbound, 2023, ISSN 2398-7723
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Trade Law 4.0: Are We There Yet?

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Journal of International Economic Law, 2023, ISSN 1369-3034
Publisher: Oxford University Press

Interfacing digital trade law and competition policy design in developing economies: the case of Peru

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller, Eduardo Salazar Silva
Published in: Journal of International Economic Law, 2026, ISSN 1369-3034
Publisher: Oxford University Press
DOI: 10.1093/jiel/jgag032

Monographic books (2)

Big Data and Global Trade Law

Author(s): Mira Burri (ed.)
Published in: 2022
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
DOI: 10.1017/9781108919234

International Intellectual Property Law in the Age of AI

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: 2026
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
DOI: 10.4337/9781035334414

Other (11)

Exploring the Potential of a Future EU-Japan Digital Partnership for Trade Governance

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: ARI 24/2022, 2022
Publisher: Elcano Royal Institute

Confronting the perils of datafication through international economic law. Book review: International Economic Law in the Era of Datafication

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: Journal of International Economic Law, 2024
Publisher: Oxford University Press

Unilateral Cyber Sanctions and Global Cybersecurity Law-Making

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller, Iryna Bogdanova
Published in: Opinio Juris, 2022
Publisher: Opinio Juris

Digitization, Regulatory Barriers and Sustainable Development

Author(s): Mira Burri, Kholofelo Kugler
Published in: Trade Law 4.0 Working Paper Series, Issue 3, 2023, Page(s) 1-20
Publisher: University of Lucerne

Cultural Diversity Policy in the Age of AI

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Artificial Intelligence in the Audiovisual Sector, 2021
Publisher: European Audiovisual Observatory

Book review: International Economic Law in the Era of Datafication

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: World Trade Review, 2025
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

What Is the Role of Unilateral Cyber Sanctions in the Context of the Global Cybersecurity Law-Making?

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller, Iryna Bogdanova
Published in: Völkerrechtsblog, 2022, ISSN 2510-2567
Publisher: Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht
DOI: 10.17176/20220510-182031-0

Book review: International Trade Law and Global Data Governance: Aligning Perspectives and Practices

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: World Trade Review, 2024
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

The Impact of Data Localisation Laws on Trade in Africa

Author(s): Kholofelo Kugler
Published in: Mandela Institute Policy Brief, 2022
Publisher: Mandela Institute, School of Law

A WTO Agreement on Electronic Commerce: An Enquiry into its Substance and Viability

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Trade Law 4.0 Working Paper No 1/2021, 2021
Publisher: University of Lucerne

Data governance and international trade law: exploring paths towards convergence. Book review: International Trade Law and Global Data Governance

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: Journal of International Economic Law, 2025
Publisher: Oxford University Press

Non-peer reviewed articles (5)

The EFTA–Singapore Digital Economy Agreement: Positioning Switzerland in the Landscape of Digital Trade Law

Author(s): Mira Burri, María Vásquez Callo-Müller, Anja Mesmer
Published in: Jusletter, 2026, ISSN 1424-7410
Publisher: Weblaw AG

Digital Services Trade and Intellectual Property: Surveying the Ground in Free Trade Agreements

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: Swiss Review of International and European Law, 2026, ISSN 2504-0693
Publisher: Schulthess Juristische Medien AG

Digital Trade in the EU–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement: An Appraisal

Author(s): Mira Burri, Kholofelo Kugler, Anna Dorothea Ker
Published in: Legal Issues of Economic Integration, Issue 51, 2024, Page(s) 11-46, ISSN 1566-6573
Publisher: Kluwer Law International
DOI: 10.54648/leie2024002

From APEC to Global: The Establishment of the Global CBPR Forum

Author(s): María Vásquez Callo-Müller
Published in: Global Trade and Customs Journal, Issue 20, 2025, Page(s) 130-143, ISSN 1569-755X
Publisher: Kluwer Law International
DOI: 10.54648/gtcj2025014

The Digital Transformation of Trade Law

Author(s): Mira Burri
Published in: La Revue des juristes de Sciences Po (Sciences Po Law Review), 2024, ISSN 2111-4293
Publisher: Association des juristes de Sciences Po