Description du projet
Améliorer la mémoire liée au stress et la tolérance au sel des cultures
Les contraintes répétées sur les végétaux entraînent la création d’une mémoire destinée à améliorer la tolérance, mais ces mécanismes ne sont pas bien compris. Le projet SaToBa, financé par l’UE, examinera le rôle des hormones végétales appelées jasmonates (JA) dans la préparation de la mémoire au stress salin chez l’orge, l’une des plus importantes céréales dans le monde destinée à la nourriture, au malt et aux aliments pour animaux. Il identifiera également l’adaptation au stress salin amorcée par les JA ainsi que les mécanismes équilibrant l’adaptation au stress et la croissance. SaToBa recourra à la génétique et à la génomique pour améliorer la tolérance au sel en déterminant la corrélation entre le transcriptome et le translatome durant la croissance (inhibition) liée à l’adaptation au stress. Il caractérisera également la dépendance des réponses vis-à-vis des modifications épigénétiques et du récepteur de JA non caractérisé COI1 de l’orge.
Objectif
The improvement of crop salt tolerance is a pressing agricultural challenge because salt stress poses a major threat to global food supply. The problem is topical in India where salinity-induced yield losses are increasing for several crops. Compelling evidence indicates that repeated stresses provide a memory to increase tolerance, but the mechanisms are not well understood. This project studies the role of jasmonates (JAs) in priming salt stress memory in barley, one of the most important cereals worldwide for food, malt and animal feed. The main objective is to determine how JAs prime plant salt stress tolerance to overcome the limits imposed on growth and yield. The study will enable the effective use of genetics and genomics to improve salt tolerance by 1) determining the correlation between transcriptome and translatome during growth (inhibition) associated with stress adaptation; 2) characterization of the dependency of the responses from epigenetic changes and the uncharacterized barley JAs receptor COI1, and from the ribosome inactivating protein JIP60. The research will characterize, (A) JAs-primed salt stress adaptation; (B) the mechanisms balancing stress adaptation and growth.
To achieve the aims, controlled JAs/salt stress will be applied to monitor organ growth. Growth and cell cycle analyses, alongside RNA-Seq, genome-wide analysis of mRNA translation during development and analysis of specific histone markers will be performed. This will demonstrate how poised gene expression and translation work together to set up stress memory. Plant response to salinity and its impact on yield and metabolism will also be analyzed. This multidisciplinary project will enhance the researcher career prospects when returning to India to establish their own lab continuing work in the same area. Overall, the success of this research will be applicable to other economically important crops worldwide with positive impact on the cultivation of crops during climate change.
Champ scientifique
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesgenetics
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesproteins
- natural sciencesmathematicspure mathematicsarithmeticsprime numbers
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatologyclimatic changes
- agricultural sciencesanimal and dairy sciencedomestic animalsanimal husbandryanimal feed
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinateur
TW20 0EX Egham
Royaume-Uni