Descripción del proyecto
Los inicios de la vitivinicultura en Italia
En el proyecto VITALY, financiado con fondos europeos, se estudiarán los inicios de la viticultura y la adaptación de la vinicultura en Italia utilizando macrorrestos, como semillas de uva y carbón vegetal, y el análisis de residuos orgánicos antiguos que quedaron atrapados en objetos cerámicos. Se utilizará un método interdisciplinario, que combinará el análisis morfométrico de las semillas de uva arqueológicas mediante técnicas de visión artificial, los análisis del carbón vegetal y el análisis químico de los residuos orgánicos antiguos atrapados en los materiales arqueológicos. La investigación de los yacimientos arqueológicos italianos abarcará el período comprendido entre el VI y II milenio antes de Cristo. Los hallazgos de VITALY pondrán de manifiesto el momento de la aparición y la duración de la domesticación de la vid para aportar nuevos conocimientos sobre los viñedos prehistóricos.
Objetivo
This project deals with one of the big knowledge gaps in prehistory in Italy regarding the evidence of grape domestication. Plants have been of fundamental importance for human societies across the planet. However, there is a gap when it comes to archaeological evidence of the domestication process of fruit trees during the majority of prehistory and protohistory. This work aims to investigate the beginning of the study of the origins of the cultivation of grapes and adoption of winemaking in Italy. The main objectives are: 1) to investigate the beginning of viticulture in Italy; 2) to determine the time of adoption of winemaking. Materials are represented by macroremains such as grape seeds and charcoal remains to which is added the analysis of ancient organic residues trapped in archaeological materials (pottery). The investigation will be applied to archaeological Italian sites and will cover an extensive chronology: between the 6th and the 1st millennium BC. The challenge of the work is to obtain archaeological visibility of the grape domestication process and adoption of winemaking through an interdisciplinary approach that combines morphometric analysis of archaeological grape seeds by computer vision technique charcoal analyses and chemical analysis of ancient organic residues trapped in archaeological materials. As a whole, the proposed project aims to be on the cutting-edge of existing efforts in the field to produce reliable data and original interpretations on the origins of viticulture and winemaking. Furthermore, it will allow us to highlight the timing of the emergence of domestic traits and the duration of the domestication episode of grapevine and provide new information on agriculture related to prehistoric vineyards.
Ámbito científico
- agricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagriculturehorticultureviticulture
- humanitieshistory and archaeologyhistoryprehistory
- agricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagriculturehorticulturefruit growing
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesartificial intelligencecomputer vision
- natural sciencesphysical sciencesastronomyplanetary sciencesplanets
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinador
75794 Paris
Francia