Description du projet
Étudier l’impact de l’exposition aux métaux lourds sur les communautés microbiennes d’eau profonde
L’augmentation des activités d’exploitation minière en eaux profondes est susceptible d’entraîner la libération de concentrations toxiques de métaux dans les fonds marins environnants, et par conséquent de perturber d’importants services écosystémiques. Le projet MIDFun, financé par l’UE, évaluera l’impact de l’exposition aux métaux lourds sur la croissance, le métabolisme et la diversité microbienne en eaux profondes. Les chercheurs détermineront leurs effets sur le développement et le métabolisme de réduction du N2O dans une culture bactérienne modèle et ceux de l’exposition aux métaux lourds sur le transcriptome d’une culture bactérienne modèle, le tout dans des conditions de haute mer. Ils détermineront également les conséquences d’une telle exposition sur les flux globaux de N2O provenant des sédiments d’eau profonde et évalueront ses effets sur la diversité biologique et fonctionnelle des communautés microbiennes complexes d’eau profonde.
Objectif
Deep-sea mining of earth minerals is expected to grow in the next decades. The increase in deep-sea mining activities may lead to the release of toxic concentrations of metals into the surrounding seabed. Increased concentrations of heavy metals can disturb important ecosystem services provided by microbial communities, such as growth, nutrient cycling activity, and microbial diversity. However, the consequences of metal exposure on microbial ecosystem functions in deep-sea conditions are currently unknown. The overarching goal of this project is to evaluate the impacts of heavy metal exposure on microbial growth, metabolism, and diversity in deep-sea conditions. We propose the following specific objectives: 1. Determine the effects of heavy metal exposure on growth and N2O reduction metabolism in a model bacterial culture, under deep-sea conditions. 2. Examine the effects of heavy metal exposure on the transcriptome of a model bacterial culture, under deep-sea conditions. 3. Determine the impacts of heavy metal exposure on overall N2O fluxes from deep-sea sediments. 4. Evaluate the impacts of heavy metal exposure on the biological and functional diversity of deep-sea complex microbial communities. This research will apply a mixed experimental approach in controlled conditions to address the stated objectives. We will combine the use of bacterial axenic cultures with the study of complex microbial communities under deep-sea conditions (low temperature and high hydrostatic pressure). We will use pressurized bioreactors and hyperbaric chambers to test the effects of two representative metals (copper and cadmium) on bacterial growth, metabolic reduction of N2O, expression of functional genes, and functional diversity. The mining of the deep seafloor is still at an early stage of implementation. This research presents a unique opportunity to assess the environmental risks of an anthropogenic activity before it begins to shape the ecosystem.
Champ scientifique
- engineering and technologyenvironmental biotechnologybioremediationbioreactors
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiologybacteriology
- natural scienceschemical sciencesinorganic chemistrytransition metals
- natural sciencesphysical sciencesclassical mechanicsfluid mechanicsfluid statics
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesecologyecosystems
Programme(s)
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinateur
4450 208 Matosinhos
Portugal