Controlled Local Heating to Crystallize Solution-based Semiconductors for Next-Generation Solar Cells and Optoelectronics

Project Information

LOCAL-HEAT

Grant agreement ID: 101041809

DOI

10.3030/101041809

EC signature date 14 February 2022

Start date 1 September 2022

End date 31 August 2027

Funded under

• European Research Council (ERC)

Total cost

€ 1 500 000,00

EU contribution

€ 1 500 000,00

Coordinated by

UNIVERSITY OF STUTTGART
Germany

Periodic Reporting for period 1 - LOCAL-HEAT (Controlled Local Heating to Crystallize Solution-based Semiconductors for Next-Generation Solar Cells and Optoelectronics)

Reporting period: 2022-09-01 to 2025-02-28

Summary of the context and overall objectives of the project

The LOCAL-HEAT project was initiated, among others, to address the growing need for renewable energy solutions and sustainable manufacturing practices in the field of semiconductors and optoelectronics. The project focuses on the development of perovskite based solar cells and optoelectronic devices that combine high performance with environmentally friendly production methods. By adopting alternative solvent systems and applying controlled local heating techniques, the project aims to improve film quality, device stability, and production scalability while reducing the environmental impact typically associated with conventional processes.

The project is designed to offer a deeper understanding of the crystallization process in solution processed semiconductors. Through careful control of local heating, the project seeks to clarify the mechanisms that govern thin film formation and grain development. This scientific insight is expected to contribute to incremental improvements in device efficiency and long term performance. In addition, the project lays the groundwork for scalable production methods that can be implemented in industrial settings. In this way, LOCAL-HEAT not only advances fundamental research but also provides practical pathways for the adoption of cleaner and more efficient manufacturing practices.

Work performed from the beginning of the project to the end of the period covered by the report and main results achieved so far

During the reporting period, LOCAL-HEAT has pursued several technical and scientific objectives. One major focus has been on developing environmentally friendly solvent systems using dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfide. These systems have enabled the production of high quality perovskite films while meeting sustainability targets. The research involved a series of experiments that provided detailed insights into the nucleation and crystallization kinetics of the films. These studies have contributed to a better understanding of grain formation and precursor conversion processes, which have been essential in optimizing the overall film formation.

The project also explored the application of laser treatment as a method for modifying the surface of perovskite films. The use of laser light was investigated with the goal of achieving a more uniform film morphology without causing permanent material damage. Experimental results demonstrated that the perovskite films were able to recover from localized laser exposure, leading to improved surface uniformity and enhanced interface properties. In addition, advanced in situ monitoring techniques were introduced to observe the crystallization process. These monitoring tools provided valuable information on thin-film formation. The integration of these advances into device fabrication has led to improvements in key performance metrics, including a record open circuit voltage, as well as the establishment of scalable production methods compatible with continuous manufacturing processes.

Progress beyond the state of the art and expected potential impact (including the socio-economic impact and the wider societal implications of the project so far)

The outcomes of LOCAL-HEAT extend beyond the practices commonly used in solution processed semiconductor technologies. The integration of controlled local heating with laser treatment and real time monitoring has provided a new approach to managing the crystallization process. One notable finding is the ability of perovskite films to recover from laser exposure, which has opened up new avenues for non destructive surface modification. This approach offers a more precise control over film morphology and interface properties, thereby enhancing overall device performance.

The results of the project have potential implications for both further research and practical applications. The methodologies developed during this work provide a foundation for additional studies aimed at fine tuning processing parameters and ensuring long term device stability. There is also a clear need for demonstration projects that validate these techniques in varied operational conditions and at industrial scale. Moreover, securing intellectual property rights and establishing supportive regulatory and standardisation frameworks will be important for market adoption. In summary, the findings from LOCAL-HEAT not only advance the current understanding of perovskite film formation but also set the stage for future research and industrial applications in the production of sustainable, high efficiency semiconductor devices.