Periodic Reporting for period 1 - TIFUUN (Terahertz Integral Field Unit with Universal Nanotechnology)
Période du rapport: 2022-09-01 au 2025-02-28
The next challenge in millimeter-submillimeter (mm-submm) astronomy is to generate 3D maps of statistically large cosmic volumes with complete spectral information, to uncover the history of cold matter back to the first billion years of the Universe, the evolution of hot matter in galaxy clusters, and the emergence of cosmic large-scale structure from those baryonic materials.
Vital for this endeavor is the integral field unit (IFU), which is a 2D array of spectrometers that instantaneously measures the spectrum of all points in the image. The IFU has reshaped astronomy at shorter visible wavelengths, but it is totally absent for mm-submm waves, because it falls out of reach of any existing technology.
TIFUUN aims to revolutionize astronomy by developing a Terahertz Integral Field Unit with Universal Nanotechnology (TIFUUN). TIFUUN hosts mm-submm IFUs that each have >~100 spectrometer pixels (spaxels), a wide instantaneous bandwidth up to 1:2, and a sufficiently high spectral resolving power up to R = 1,000, operating at photon-noise limited sensitivity. The breakthrough is the integrated superconducting spectrometer (ISS) technology, which allows to miniaturize the entire IFU onto a commercial silicon wafer.
We will take TIFUUN to the ASTE 10-m telescope with a set of science-tailored IFUs, and perform ground-breaking observations in 1) ultra-wideband spectroscopy of dusty star-forming galaxies, 2) unbiased mapping of high-redshift line-emitting galaxies, 3) line-intensity mapping of the cosmic large-scale structure, and 4) diagnosis of galaxy clusters using the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect. We will make the tools for designing the IFU open source, encouraging the astronomical community to propose science in combination with optimized IFU designs. This cost-effective "open-hardware" concept marks a new paradigm that opens the specialized field of superconducting instrumentation to the world, bridging cutting-edge nanotechnology and cosmology.
Vital for this endeavor is the integral field unit (IFU), which is a 2D array of spectrometers that instantaneously measures the spectrum of all points in the image. The IFU has reshaped astronomy at shorter visible wavelengths, but it is totally absent for mm-submm waves, because it falls out of reach of any existing technology.
TIFUUN aims to revolutionize astronomy by developing a Terahertz Integral Field Unit with Universal Nanotechnology (TIFUUN). TIFUUN hosts mm-submm IFUs that each have >~100 spectrometer pixels (spaxels), a wide instantaneous bandwidth up to 1:2, and a sufficiently high spectral resolving power up to R = 1,000, operating at photon-noise limited sensitivity. The breakthrough is the integrated superconducting spectrometer (ISS) technology, which allows to miniaturize the entire IFU onto a commercial silicon wafer.
We will take TIFUUN to the ASTE 10-m telescope with a set of science-tailored IFUs, and perform ground-breaking observations in 1) ultra-wideband spectroscopy of dusty star-forming galaxies, 2) unbiased mapping of high-redshift line-emitting galaxies, 3) line-intensity mapping of the cosmic large-scale structure, and 4) diagnosis of galaxy clusters using the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect. We will make the tools for designing the IFU open source, encouraging the astronomical community to propose science in combination with optimized IFU designs. This cost-effective "open-hardware" concept marks a new paradigm that opens the specialized field of superconducting instrumentation to the world, bridging cutting-edge nanotechnology and cosmology.
By the end of 2024, we have achieved the following:
- Over 4 continuous months of astronomical science observations at the ASTE telescope, with a single-spaxel, ultra-wideband on-chip spectrometer (DESHIMA 2.0).
- Identified the origin of mm-submm losses in amorphous SiC to be vibrational modes (and not two-level systems), and demonstrated low dielectric losses in amorphous SiC.
- Shown a new on-chip filter design that should exhibit a higher efficiency than conventional single-resonator filters.
- Demonstrated new methods of optical alignment and evaluation methods for wideband mm-submm spectrometers, and demonstrated it in the lab and in the telescope.
- Developed a compact dilution refrigerator for the final TIFUUN instrument to be installed on ASTE.
- Over 4 continuous months of astronomical science observations at the ASTE telescope, with a single-spaxel, ultra-wideband on-chip spectrometer (DESHIMA 2.0).
- Identified the origin of mm-submm losses in amorphous SiC to be vibrational modes (and not two-level systems), and demonstrated low dielectric losses in amorphous SiC.
- Shown a new on-chip filter design that should exhibit a higher efficiency than conventional single-resonator filters.
- Demonstrated new methods of optical alignment and evaluation methods for wideband mm-submm spectrometers, and demonstrated it in the lab and in the telescope.
- Developed a compact dilution refrigerator for the final TIFUUN instrument to be installed on ASTE.
The low-loss dielectric and the better filter design will be used for the fabrication of the IFUs for TIFUUN, and they can be adopted by others that work generally on cryogenic, mm-submm wave integrated circuits.