Description du projet
Ouvrir la voie à une compréhension claire des droits de l’homme
Bien que la majorité des pays autorise l’avortement, du moins dans certaines circonstances, les règles varient considérablement, allant de fortement restrictives à totalement libérales. Nous avons beau en savoir encore très peu sur les raisons de cette diversité, celle-ci joue un rôle crucial dans la question de l’interprétation et de la mise en œuvre de droits de l’homme justes et clairs dans tout contexte culturel. Le projet Abortion Figurations, financé par le CER, analysera les différentes formes de communication utilisées pour modifier la législation en matière d’avortement. Il étudiera trois cas de débats régionaux dans des paires de systèmes de droits de l’homme différents (Mozambique et Sénégal, Pologne et Irlande, et Argentine et Honduras) afin de générer un modèle multidimensionnel mondial pour une étude socio-juridique interdisciplinaire des droits de l’homme qui permettra de les cerner de manière claire.
Objectif
Abortion laws are the crux of human rights diversity today. Abortion laws evidence best how differently human rights meanings are construed in various local settings. However, we know very little about how this diversity is generated in practice. This project will scrutinize the communication processes that use human rights as arguments to change abortion laws. We will contrast abortion debates from the last ten years in pairs of countries that represent three regional human rights systems: Mozambique and Senegal (the African Union), Poland and Ireland (the Council of Europe), and Argentina and Honduras (the Organization of American States). These debates show the ambivalence of human rights: they were used successfully to argue both for more liberal and more restrictive abortion laws. To explain this ambivalence, we will apply concepts of argumentative architecture and involvement patterns, coined by the PI as part of her figurational sociology of law, based on Norbert Elias’s theory of the process of civilization. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative sociology, legal analysis, and corpus linguistics, we will offer a multi-dimensional model for a globally comparative, interdisciplinary socio-legal study of human rights. We will study the structure, composition, and embedding of arguments, along with group perspectives, emotions, and circles of identification of arguing actors so as to arrive at a heat map that will show the distribution of involvement in argumentative architectures. By constructing a global meta-typology of argumentative architectures and involvement patterns in abortion debates, we will explore the integrative, civilizing potential of human rights and identify the centrifugal forces in human rights figuration that comprise the local, regional, and global levels. Finally, we will revisit the role of human rights as a universal toolbox for ideologies in order to plead their conditional rehabilitation.
Champ scientifique
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Régime de financement
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC GrantsInstitution d’accueil
00-927 WARSZAWA
Pologne