Two-dimensional magnon and spin gases in magnetic Van der Waals heterostructures

Descripción del proyecto

Una investigación arroja luz sobre la dinámica de los magnones en los materiales bidimensionales

El espín es una característica intrínseca de las partículas cuánticas. Los espines de electrones desempeñan un papel fundamental en la generación del magnetismo. Su movimiento genera una corriente eléctrica, que provoca que cada electrón actúe como un pequeño imán. Un magnón es una excitación colectiva de la estructura de espín de los electrones en una red cristalina. En los materiales magnéticos de gran calidad, los magnones facilitan la transferencia de información a larga distancia de los espines electrónicos. Estas excitaciones colectivas de espines se han estudiado ampliamente en grandes volúmenes y finas capas de materiales magnéticos. El objetivo del proyecto 2DMAGSPIN, financiado con fondos europeos, es investigar la dinámica de los magnones en materiales magnéticos bidimensionales. Los investigadores estudiarán el transporte de espines electrónicos en dos tipos de materiales Van der Waals, unas capas bidimensionales de grosor atómico superpuestas.

Objetivo

Dimensionality plays a crucial role in the physical properties of condensed matter systems. In the last century, the optimization of FET technology led to the discovery of a new state of matter, in which quantum mechanics fully confines any electron motion to parallel to the interfaces, i.e. the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG).
Magnons, the elementary excitations of the ground state magnetic order (either ferro, ferri, or antiferromagnetic) also carry spin. In high-quality magnetic materials magnons enable long-distance electronic spin information transfer. Magnonics has been studied extensively in magnetic bulk materials, or in thin films where still several sub-bands are thermally populated. The challenging major next step is to realize and study magnon and electronic spin transport in the ultimate 2D magnetic regime.
The aim of this ERC Advanced project is to combine and study strictly 2 dimensional spin transport in two types of vdW magnets: in a 2D magnon gas (2DMG) in electrically insulating Van der Waals ferro and antiferromagnets and in a 2D spin gas (2DSG) in proximity-induced magnetic graphene.
To achieve this aim, I will (i) fabricate high quality 2D vdW materials, heterostructures and devices; (ii) realize and study spin transport in a two-dimensional magnon gas (2DMG); (iii) realize and study a two-dimensional spin gas (2DSG) in magnetic graphene; and (vi) develop new spintronics functionalities in hybrid 2DMG and 2DSG heterostructures.
This project will open a regime that has not been explored before. Magnon-magnon, magnon-phonon, and magnon (electronic) spin interactions in 2D will lead to phenomena that are either difficult to realize in 3D, such as hydrodynamic spin current flow and self-oscillations, or have not yet been anticipated at all. 2DMG and 2DSG controlled by gates and, possibly, operating at room temperature will enrich the vdW spintronics and provide new strategies for information technology including heat management.