Description du projet
Un examen approfondi des réponses au changement climatique dans l’Antiquité
Les adaptations anciennes à la hausse des températures et à la pénurie d’eau pourraient être une source d’inspiration pour résoudre la crise climatique actuelle. Plus précisément, l’émergence de la domestication des animaux dans le Levant méridional est un bon point de référence pour étudier les changements dans les stratégies de subsistance. Financé par le programme Actions Marie Skłodowska-Curie, le projet ICARHUS associera archéologie et sciences biologiques pour étudier l’adaptation des sociétés levantines du passé aux pressions climatiques. Le projet utilisera le nouveau domaine de la paléoprotéomique pour améliorer les séquences protéiques de référence disponibles, identifier les changements de stratégie de subsistance à travers quatre sites archéologiques jordaniens et récupérer des informations concernant les pratiques d’élevage axées sur le sexe dans des troupeaux de caprins.
Objectif
Facing the constraints imposed due to climate change is a challenge past human societies had to take into consideration, similar to how current societies are facing global changes in resource availability and climate change. By looking into the past and how ancient societies adapted to temperature increase and water availability decrease could help us to innovatively deal with the current climate crisis. In the Levant, where cattle, pigs, sheep and goat have been domesticated, ecological constraints are one of the major reasons for observed changes in subsistence strategies. Traditionally, comparative anatomy of fauna remains is the methodology of choice when aiming to reconstruct past subsistence strategies. But in arid environments, archaeological bones and teeth degrades rapidly, leading to highly fragmented and poorly preserved remains, thus largely restricting faunal spectra reconstruction. This project offers a glimpse at past Levantine societies adaptation to climatic pressures by using the new and exciting field of palaeoproteomics. The fellowship will concentrate on three defined scientific objectives: 1. enhance the available protein reference sequences, crucially lacking Near-Eastern wild ungulates species; 2. identify subsistence strategy shifts along four Jordanian archaeological sites, each containing well-established stratigraphies, using ancient proteins based species identification; and 3. recover information regarding sex-driven husbandry practices in caprine herds using the new method of enamel proteome sexing. The combination of archaeology and biological sciences within the frame of ICARHUS will give the opportunity to get a glimpse into past human societies agro-cultural behaviour using methodological developments of use beyond the field of bio-archaeological sciences.
Champ scientifique
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesproteinsproteomics
- medical and health sciencesbasic medicineanatomy and morphology
- humanitieshistory and archaeologyarchaeologyethnoarchaeology
- agricultural sciencesanimal and dairy sciencedomestic animalsanimal husbandry
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatologyclimatic changes
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Régime de financement
MSCA-PF - MSCA-PFCoordinateur
1165 Kobenhavn
Danemark