Description du projet
Découvrir les secrets de la restauration et de la préservation de nos sols précieux
La dégradation des sols, un défi urgent aux multiples facettes, entraîne une réaction en chaîne de conséquences catastrophiques. Elle est à l’origine du changement climatique, de la perte de biodiversité, de la pollution de l’eau et de la diminution de la productivité agricole mondiale. Pour résoudre ce problème, le projet SHARE-CTD, financé par le CER, développe une approche holistique. En combinant des mesures globales, des modèles de recherche économétrique et un apprentissage automatique innovant, le projet fournira des informations précieuses aux universitaires, aux décideurs politiques et au public. Plus précisément, il apportera un éclairage sur les liens de causalité des politiques publiques sur l’état des sols, en comparant leurs rapports coût-bénéfice et en identifiant les facteurs qui influencent leurs performances. Ces informations permettront d’améliorer les politiques et d’atténuer les effets néfastes de la dégradation des sols.
Objectif
Land degradation is one of the major sustainability challenges of our time. It is a driver of climate change, biodiversity loss, and water pollution, and reduces global agricultural productivity. This requires effective and economically efficient policies.
Here, I outline a project that combines the global measurement and modelling of land degradation trends with econometric research designs to estimate policy effectiveness, their benefit cost ratios, and how design features and contextual factors explain policy performance. This research builds on the unique expertise I have developed over the last 5 years.
The project consists of four work packages. In the first WP, global datasets will be build, including a new database of public policies relevant to land conditions, maps of different land degradation indicators, such as soil productivity trends, vegetation and agricultural yield changes, soil erosion and pollution, and land cover changes, such as cropland expansion and forest loss.
In the second WP, econometric research designs (such as difference-in-differences, difference-in discontinuities, and synthetic control) will be used to estimate the causal effect(s) of public policies on land conditions. The comprehensiveness and global scope of the analysis means that for the first time, we will have the “full picture”, largely free of selection and publication biases, and methodologically unified.
In the third WP, all the policies’ costs and benefits will be compared to each other and we will quantify how much benefit each policy has been generating per its costs.
In the fourth WP, we will use both conventional econometric techniques and novel machine learning approaches to systematically explain when and why some public policies perform better than others.
This research will generate new insights on how to improve public policies to mitigate and reverse land degradation. I expect it will generate high interest among academics, policy makers, and the public.
Champ scientifique
- social sciencespolitical sciencespolitical policiespublic policies
- social scienceseconomics and businesseconomicseconometrics
- social scienceseconomics and businesseconomicsproduction economicsproductivity
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesenvironmental sciencespollution
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesartificial intelligencemachine learning
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC GrantsInstitution d’accueil
53113 Bonn
Allemagne