MET-EFFECT explores bioinspired metal complexes by integrating a natural flavonoid scaffold, apigenin (apg), with high-valent metal centers (Re(V) and Ir(III)), developing multifunctional compounds for medicine and catalysis. This work advances anticancer drug development and sustainable catalysis by highlighting renewable resources and fine-tuning molecular properties.
In the center of our approach is apg, a functional, naturally occurring flavonoid, known for its strong anticancer activity. We derivatized it and coordinated with high-valent metal centers, creating a molecule with tunable physicochemical properties. The synthesis of novel compounds involved an optimized strategy, yielding fully characterized ligand precursors and new Re(V) complexes. Our methodology has set up a base for the future development of Ir(III)-based systems, which are expected to provide complementary functionalities. The solubility of these complexes in water enhances their biological applicability and enables catalytic reactions in sustainable, aqueous conditions. The cytotoxicity of Re(V) and Ir(III) complexes was tested across a range of cancer cell lines. Re(V)-apg complexes demonstrated increased cytotoxicity compared to the free ligand, with a promising lead compound showing activity against T-cell leukemia. These results provide insights into structure-activity relationships (SAR) and guide modifications for improved efficacy. Beyond biomedical applications, the Re-based catalysts demonstrated catalytic activity in olefin epoxidation, offering a sustainable alternative to organic solvents. Upcoming research will explore water oxidation catalysis, crucial for artificial photosynthesis and sustainable energy conversion, with a focus on Ir(III) complexes to enable efficient oxidation. MET-EFFECT mission moves toward a sustainable future by reducing environmental impact and generating recycling protocols for common organic solvents. The next phase will address metal recycling, as recovering and reusing precious metals is a key challenge.
The R&I results emerged from 33 secondments (79 project months) and involved 20 researchers across 5 countries. These collaborations advanced career prospects, fostered teamwork, and expanded research perspectives. The team actively participated in conferences, workshops, and other outreach activities. Dissemination continues through the MET-EFFECT website, LinkedIn, and Instagram.
