Agricultural pest control heavily relies on insecticides, but these chemicals can harm ecosystems, particularly pollinators like bees. In response, Europe has banned several insecticides to protect these essential species. However, this creates an urgent need for new solutions that target pests without harming beneficial organisms. Current options lack the precision needed to protect ecosystems while controlling pests. In this context, the ERC-funded LessToxCites project will develop species-specific insecticides using peptides that target pest neurotransmitter receptors. By adapting existing tools from mammalian research and screening peptide libraries, the project aims to create safer pest control methods. Alongside scientific development, the project explores commercialisation to ensure the widespread application of these innovative solutions.