The CherPET project advances PET imaging beyond the current state of the art by introducing a fundamentally new detection approach based on Cherenkov radiation in PbF2 crystals, replacing conventional scintillators. This paradigm shift enables high-quality imaging with a very limited energy resolution, relying instead on excellent timing and photon detection efficiency. Simulations of a full PET scanner system confirmed Coincidence Time Resolutions (CTR) of 120–210 ps with SiPMs—better than top commercial systems. A modular flat-panel architecture was validated, allowing flexible and scalable detector configurations. In experimental studies, a sub-30 ps timing in single-photon detection with LAPPDs was confirmed.
Despite the simplified detector design, full-system simulations demonstrated image quality comparable to or better than conventional PET systems, even under challenging conditions with high scatter fractions. Further innovations in advanced reconstruction methods, such as the custom-developed and event-by-event-based TOF kernel in the CASToR reconstruction software, are expected to address the specific timing characteristics, the timing tails typical of Cherenkov-based annihilation gamma detection. The project also investigated custom-developed, high-density readout electronics (FastIC), and achieved a full LAPPD coverage with over 1000 readout channels using PETsys systems.
The potential impact is considerable. Clinically, CherPET could enable mobile and cost-effective PET solutions for underserved regions, small hospitals, and intensive care units, improving early cancer and neurological disease diagnosis. Economically, it offers a considerable reduction in scanner cost and could position Europe as a leader in next-generation PET. Scientifically, it opens new directions in physics-driven imaging, including advanced detector technologies.
To support further uptake, key needs include experimental validation of full-scale modules, optimization of optical coupling and noise control, and strategic IP protection. Commercial pathways—via licensing or spin-outs—will be developed alongside regulatory alignment with NEMA and engagement with EMA/FDA. Access to EU and private financing will be critical for scaling to clinical-grade prototypes and international deployment. With sustained support, CherPET could redefine the future of PET imaging by making high-performance diagnostics broadly accessible and economically viable.
