Descripción del proyecto
Mejorar el rendimiento y la densidad energética de las baterías
El desarrollo de baterías recargables con gran densidad energética es esencial para hacer frente a los retos energéticos y ambientales que plantea el aumento de la demanda de dispositivos electrónicos portátiles, vehículos eléctricos y el almacenamiento de energía en la red. Sin embargo, los avances en este sentido se ven limitados por la falta de comprensión de los procesos que acontecen en las interfaces electrodo/electrolito, lo que conlleva problemas como, por ejemplo, la corta duración de los ciclos y la formación de dendritas. Este cuello de botella se debe a que la falta de herramientas analíticas adecuadas aún no ha permitido resolver la química interfacial a escala atómica. Teniendo esto en cuenta, en el proyecto INTERACT, financiado por el Consejo Europeo de Investigación, se empleará la tomografía de sonda atómica, junto con técnicas criogénicas novedosas, para dilucidar los misterios de las interfases de los electrolitos sólidos, lo cual allanará el camino hacia tecnologías avanzadas de baterías.
Objetivo
Developing high-energy-density rechargeable battery technologies is essential to solve energy and environmental problems. However, its development is currently impeded by a poor understanding of elementary processes occurring at electrode/electrolyte interfaces. Several long-standing issues such as short cycle life, low Coulombic efficiency and hazardous dendrite formation in batteries cannot be fundamentally solved due to the knowledge gap.
The bottleneck is that interfacial chemistry on the atomic-scale is as yet unresolved, owing to the lack of sufficiently suitable analytical capabilities. I will address this gap using atom probe tomography, coupled with a highly innovative cryogenic sample preparation and transfer platform, to provide atomic-scale insights into solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed at the electrode/electrolyte interface.
The key open questions to answer are: i) what is the composition and elemental distribution in a stable SEI? ii) how do ions in the electrolytes affect SEI formation? iii) how does stable SEI inhibit dendrite formation? My goal is to advance fundamental understanding of SEI formation, establish its structure-property relationships, and elucidate its interplay with other elementary processes occurring at electrode/electrolyte interfaces in a lithium metal battery model system.
I will i) reveal elemental distribution and compositional details of SEI in/under different electrolytes and working conditions; ii) unveil compositional evolution of SEI and the electrolytes during charging and discharging; and iii) interrogate their roles in dendrite formation in a half and full battery cell, respectively. These unique data will shed atomistic insights into how to tailor SEI and electrode/electrolyte interfaces to mitigate long-standing issues. Furthermore, the novel cryogenic platform is not system-specific and will be applicable for studying other liquid- or solid-state-electrolyte battery technologies.
Ámbito científico
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Régimen de financiación
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC GrantsInstitución de acogida
44801 Bochum
Alemania