6G Goal-Oriented AI-enabled Learning and Semantic Communication Networks

Livrables

Foundations of Reasoning through Semantic-empowered Communications: First results

This deliverable will present functional specification, semantic rules and methods for compatibility in semantic interpretation as a first result in T4.1

Report on test scenarios and validation capabilities

This report details the selected technological components, the deployment timeline, and the validation methodology (T6.1) for the selected innovations issued from WP3-5 that will be implemented in the project’s testbeds.

Exploitation of knowledge and results Plan

This deliverable will indicate the plan on how industry and academia will exploit the results developed during the project’s lifetime and their sustainability for a long-term exploitation.

Control Strategies and Adaptive L1/L2 Functionalities for Semantic Communications: First results

It will present the preliminary findings of T5.1, including the L1/L2 protocols and the associated control signalling that lead to efficient implementation of semantic-empowered communications.

Dissemination, communication, and project website

This deliverable will provide a detailed plan for dissemination activities of the project and details on project website and other dissemination media adopted by the project.

Dissemination and Standardization action plan

This deliverable will include the detailed plan for standardization in 3GPP, ETSI, 6G-SNS pre-standardization WG, 5G-IA, ORAN-SC – RIC and possibly in other standardization bodies as appropriate.

Functional specifications, metrics and KPIs for 6G-GOALS wireless systems analysis: first results

It contains preliminary novel metrics, trade-offs, definitions and KPIs from T2.2.

Semantic data acquisition, representation and compression methodologies: First results

This deliverable will present first results on both theoretical bounds and achievable schemes for semantic-oriented sampling, processing and compression schemes designed in T3.2.

First project management periodic report

It includes the first half of the project’s technical work description and financial monitoring, at the project level and at each WP level. It will include the description of the technical contributions from each partner over the reporting period, as well as the action plan and revised risk management plans.

Reference system, scenarios, use cases analysis and requirements: first results

It contains the first results on reference scenarios, uses cases selection from T2.1.

Quality plan and initial Data Management Plan

It contains a detailed quality plan giving the project guidelines, communication practices, preparation and delivery of progress reports, etc. It will also defines how data generated in the project is exploited, accessed, curated and preserved, based on the template recommended by the EC.

Functional specifications, metrics and KPIs for 6G-GOALS wireless systems analysis: final results

It contains final novel metrics, trade-offs, definitions and KPIs from T2.2.

Publications

Transmit or Retransmit: A Tradeoff in Networked Control of Dynamical Processes Over Lossy Channels With Ideal Feedback

Auteurs: Touraj Soleymani, John S. Baras, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Numéro 70, 2024, ISSN 0018-9448
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TIT.2024.3452976

SCSC: A Novel Standards-Compatible Semantic Communication Framework for Image Transmission

Auteurs: Xue Han, Yongpeng Wu, Zhen Gao, Biqian Feng, Yuxuan Shi, Deniz Gündüz, Wenjun Zhang
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2025, ISSN 0090-6778
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TCOMM.2025.3529221

A Versatile Pilot Design Scheme for FDD Systems Utilizing Gaussian Mixture Models

Auteurs: Nurettin Turan, Benedikt Böck, Benedikt Fesl, Michael Joham, Deniz Gündüz, Wolfgang Utschick
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Numéro 24, 2025, ISSN 1536-1276
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2025.3537496

Topological signal processing and learning: Recent advances and future challenges

Auteurs: Elvin Isufi, Geert Leus, Baltasar Beferull-Lozano, Sergio Barbarossa, Paolo Di Lorenzo
Publié dans: Signal Processing, Numéro 233, 2025, ISSN 0165-1684
Éditeur: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.SIGPRO.2025.109930

Pragmatic Communication for Remote Control of Finite-State Markov Processes

Auteurs: Pietro Talli, Edoardo David Santi, Federico Chiariotti, Touraj Soleymani, Federico Mason, Andrea Zanella, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Numéro 43, 2025, ISSN 1558-0008
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/JSAC.2025.3559152

Adaptive layer and token selection for efficient fine-tuning of vision transformers

Auteurs: Alessio Devoto, Federico Alvetreti, Jary Pomponi, Paolo Di Lorenzo, Pasquale Minervini, Simone Scardapane
Publié dans: Neurocomputing, Numéro 654, 2025, ISSN 0925-2312
Éditeur: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.NEUCOM.2025.131216

Goal-Oriented Source Coding and Filtering for Vehicular Communications

Auteurs: Jose Manuel Gimenez-Guzman, Israel Leyva-Mayorga, Petar Popovski
Publié dans: IEEE Internet of Things Journal, Numéro 11, 2024, ISSN 2327-4662
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2024.3367438

Process-and-Forward: Deep Joint Source-Channel Coding Over Cooperative Relay Networks

Auteurs: Chenghong Bian, Yulin Shao, Haotian Wu, Emre Ozfatura, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2025, ISSN 0733-8716
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/JSAC.2025.3531579

Private Collaborative Edge Inference via Over-the-Air Computation

Auteurs: Selim F. Yilmaz, Burak Hasircioğlu, Li Qiao, Denız Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking, Numéro 3, 2025, ISSN 2831-316X
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TMLCN.2025.3526551

IEEE Communications Letters

Auteurs: Inacio de Souza, Joao Henrique; Saggese, Fabio; Soret, Beatriz; Popovski, Petar
Publié dans: IEEE Communications Letters, 2025, ISSN 1089-7798
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3591962

Toward Understanding Federated Learning over Unreliable Networks

Auteurs: Chenyuan Feng; Ahmed Arafa; Zihan Chen; Mingxiong Zhao; Tony Q. S. Quek; Howard H. Yang
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking, 2025, ISSN 2831-316X
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/TMLCN.2024.3511475

Deep Joint Source-Channel Coding for Adaptive Image Transmission Over MIMO Channels

Auteurs: Haotian Wu, Yulin Shao, Chenghong Bian, Krystian Mikolajczyk, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Numéro 23, 2024, ISSN 1536-1276
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2024.3422794

A Theory of Semantic Communication

Auteurs: Yulin Shao, Qi Cao, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, Numéro 23, 2024, ISSN 1536-1233
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2024.3406375

Alternating Minimization Schemes for Computing Rate-Distortion-Perception Functions with <i>f</i>-Divergence Perception Constraints

Auteurs: Giuseppe Serra, Photios A. Stavrou, Marios Kountouris
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2025, ISSN 0018-9448
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TIT.2025.3604602

Over-the-Air Inference Through Analog Computation Over Multi-hop MIMO Networks

Auteurs: Chenghong Bian, Meng Hua, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2025, ISSN 2162-2337
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/LWC.2025.3602209

A Deep Joint Source-Channel Coding Scheme for Hybrid Mobile Multi-Hop Networks

Auteurs: Chenghong Bian, Yulin Shao, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Numéro 43, 2025, ISSN 1558-0008
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/JSAC.2025.3559134

Transmit or Retransmit: A Tradeoff in Networked Control of Dynamical Processes Over Lossy Channels With Ideal Feedback

Auteurs: Touraj Soleymani, John S. Baras, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Numéro 70, 2024, ISSN 0018-9448
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TIT.2024.3452976

Explainable AI in 6G O-RAN: A Tutorial and Survey on Architecture, Use Cases, Challenges, and Future Research

Auteurs: Bouziane Brik, Hatim Chergui, Lanfranco Zanzi, Francesco Devoti, Adlen Ksentini, Muhammad Shuaib Siddiqui, Xavier Costa-Pèrez, Christos Verikoukis
Publié dans: IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2024, ISSN 1553-877X
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/COMST.2024.3510543

Opportunistic Information-Bottleneck for Goal-Oriented Feature Extraction and Communication

Auteurs: Francesco Binucci; Paolo Banelli; Paolo Di Lorenzo; Sergio Barbarossa
Publié dans: IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2024, ISSN 2644-125X
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2404.09218

Semantic V2X Communications for Image Transmission in 6G Systems

Auteurs: Jose Manuel Gimenez-Guzman, Israel Leyva-Mayorga, Petar Popovski
Publié dans: IEEE Network, Numéro 38, 2024, ISSN 0890-8044
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/MNET.2024.3420214

AirNet: Neural Network Transmission Over the Air

Auteurs: Mikolaj Jankowski, Deniz Gündüz, Krystian Mikolajczyk
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Numéro 23, 2024, ISSN 1536-1276
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2024.3388329

Transformer-Aided Wireless Image Transmission With Channel Feedback

Auteurs: Haotian Wu, Yulin Shao, Emre Ozfatura, Krystian Mikolajczyk, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Numéro 23, 2024, ISSN 1536-1276
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2024.3386052

Unified Timing Analysis for Closed-Loop Goal-Oriented Wireless Communication

Auteurs: Lintao Li, Anders E. Kalør, Petar Popovski, Wei Chen
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2025, ISSN 1536-1276
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2024.3525087

Massive Digital Over-the-Air Computation for Communication-Efficient Federated Edge Learning

Auteurs: Li Qiao, Zhen Gao, Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Numéro 42, 2024, ISSN 0733-8716
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/JSAC.2024.3431572

Graph Neural Networks over the Air for Decentralized Tasks in Wireless Networks

Auteurs: Zhan Gao, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2025, ISSN 1053-587X
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/TSP.2025.3534685

6G: the catalyst for artificial general intelligence

Auteurs: Emilio Calvanese Strinati
Publié dans: Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering, 2024, ISSN 2948-1201
Éditeur: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1038/S44287-024-00090-1

Joint Source–Channel Coding: Fundamentals and Recent Progress in Practical Designs

Auteurs: Deniz Gündüz, Michèle A. Wigger, Tze-Yang Tung, Ping Zhang, Yong Xiao
Publié dans: Proceedings of the IEEE, 2024, ISSN 0018-9219
Éditeur: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2024.3477331

Energy-Aware Joint Orchestration of 5G and Robots: Experimental Testbed and Field Validation

Auteurs: Groshev, Milan; Zanzi, Lanfranco; Delgado Pinillos, Carmen; Xi, Li; de la Oliva, Antonio; Costa-Pérez, Xavier
Publié dans: IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.15308285

Sustainability in SNS JU Projects - Targets, Methodologies, Trade-offs and Implementation Considerations Towards 6G Systems

Auteurs: Rezaki, Ali; Trichias, Konstantinos; Mesodiakaki, Agapi; Gavras, Anastasius; Aseeva, Anna; Berardinelli, Gilberto; Osman, Hassan; Gutiérrez Terán, Jesús; Petersen, Katrina; Gramaglia, Marco; Katz, Marcos; Bezzi, Margot; Ghoraishi, Mir
Publié dans: 2025
Éditeur: Zenodo
DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.15555292

Sustainability in SNS JU Projects - Targets, Methodologies, Trade-offs and Implementation Considerations Towards 6G Systems

Auteurs: Rezaki, Ali; Trichias, Konstantinos; Mesodiakaki, Agapi; Gavras, Anastasius; Aseeva, Anna; Berardinelli, Gilberto; Osman, Hassan; Gutiérrez Terán, Jesús; Petersen, Katrina; Gramaglia, Marco; Katz, Marcos; Bezzi, Margot; Ghoraishi, Mir
Publié dans: 2025
DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.15555292

Towards 6G Architecture: Key Concepts, Challenges, and Building Blocks

Auteurs: Gramaglia, Marco, Bulakci, Ömer, Li Xi, Gavras Anastasius, Ericson Mårten, Kerboeuf Sylvaine, Larrabeiti David, Ghoraishi Mir, Mesodiakaki Agapi, Koumaras Harilaos, Robitzsch Sebastian, Asensio Garriga, Rodrigo Skarmeta, Gómez Antonio, Tsolkas, Dimitris
Publié dans: 2025
Éditeur: Zenodo

European Vision for the 6G Network Ecosystem

Auteurs: Uusitalo, Mikko; Bernardos, Carlos Jesus; Kaloxylos, Alexandros; Bourse, Didier Arnaud; Norp, Toon; Lønsethagen, Håkon; Hecker, Artur; Rugeland, Patrik; Papagianni, Chrysa; Bulakci, Ömer; Li, Xi; Ericson, Mårten; Anton-Haro, Carles; Massod Khorsandi, Baha
Publié dans: 2024
Éditeur: Zenodo
DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.14230482

Quantum Semantic Communications for Graph-Based Models

Auteurs: N. Nunavath, M. I. Habibie, E. Calvanese Strinati, R. Bassoli, and F. H. P. Fitzek
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/SPAWC60668.2024.10694659

GLOBECOM 2024 - 2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference

Publié dans: 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/GLOBECOM52923.2024

Optimization for Semantic-Aware Resource Allocation Under CPT-Based Utilities

Auteurs: Symeon Vaidanis, Photios A. Stavrou, Marios Kountouris
Publié dans: 2025 IEEE 26th International Workshop on Signal Processing and Artificial Intelligence for Wireless Communications (SPAWC), 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/SPAWC66079.2025.11143243

Wireless Point Cloud Transmission

Auteurs: Chenghong Bian, Yulin Shao, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), 2024
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/SPAWC60668.2024.10694621

Learning Sheaf Laplacian Optimizing Restriction Maps

Auteurs: Leonardo Di Nino, Sergio Barbarossa, Paolo Di Lorenzo
Publié dans: 2024 58th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF60004.2024.10942997

Relative Representations of Latent Spaces enable Efficient Semantic Channel Equalization

Auteurs: Tomás Hüttebräucker, Simone Fiorellino, Mohamed Sana, Paolo Di Lorenzo, Emilio Calvanese Strinati
Publié dans: 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/GCWKSHP64532.2024.11100849

Batch Selection and Communication for Active Learning with Edge Labeling

Auteurs: Victor Croisfelt, Shashi Raj Pandey, Osvaldo Simeone, Petar Popovski
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops), 2024
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/ICCWORKSHOPS59551.2024.10615928

Pragmatic Goal-Oriented Communications Under Semantic-Effectiveness Channel Errors

Auteurs: Tomás Huttebraucker, Mohamed Sana, Emilio Calvanese Strinati
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE 21st Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC), 2024
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/CCNC51664.2024.10454728

Goal-Oriented Communications Based on Recursive Early Exit Neural Networks

Auteurs: Jary Pomponi, Mattia Merluzzi, Alessio Devoto, Mateus Pontes Mota, Paolo Di Lorenzo, Simone Scardapane
Publié dans: 2024 58th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF60004.2024.10942792

Optimizing RIS Impairments through Semantic Communication

Auteurs: Nour Hello, Mattia Merluzzi, Emilio Calvanese Strinati, Luca Sanguinetti
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/GCWKSHP64532.2024.11100987

Network Digital Twin for 5G-Enabled Mobile Robots

Auteurs: Luis Roda Sanchez, Lanfranco Zanzi, Xi Li, Guillem Gari, Xavier Costa Perez
Publié dans: 2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2502.02253

Soft Partitioning of Latent Space for Semantic Channel Equalization

Auteurs: Tomás Hüttebräucker, Mohamed Sana, Emilio Calvanese Strinati
Publié dans: 2024 19th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), 2024
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/ISWCS61526.2024.10639062

LISAC: Learned Coded Waveform Design for ISAC with OFDM

Auteurs: Chenghong Bian; Yumeng Zhang; Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: 2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/WCNC61545.2025.10978729

Enabling Edge Artificial Intelligence via Goal-oriented Deep Neural Network Splitting

Auteurs: Francesco Binucci, Mattia Merluzzi, Paolo Banelli, Emilio Calvanese Strinati, Paolo Di Lorenzo
Publié dans: 2024 19th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), 2024
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/ISWCS61526.2024.10639178

Coexistence of Pull and Push Communication in Wireless Access for IoT Devices

Auteurs: Sara Cavallero, Fabio Saggese, Junya Shiraishi, Shashi Raj Pandey, Chiara Buratti, Petar Popovski
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), 2024
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/SPAWC60668.2024.10694005

Semantic Channel Equalizer: Modelling Language Mismatch in Multi-User Semantic Communications

Auteurs: Sana, Mohamed; Strinati, Emilio Calvanese
Publié dans: GLOBECOM 2023 - 2023 IEEE Global Communications Conference, 2023
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2308.03789

Adaptive Semantic Token Selection for AI-native Goal-oriented Communications

Auteurs: Alessio Devoto, Jary Pomponi, Simone Petruzzi, Paolo Di Lorenzo, Simone Scardapane
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/GCWKSHP64532.2024.11100347

2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)

Publié dans: 2025, ISSN 1558-2612
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/WCNC61545.2025.10978729

Semantic Communication Enhanced by Knowledge Graph Representation Learning

Auteurs: N. Hello, P. Di Lorenzo, E. Calvanese Strinati
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), 2024
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/SPAWC60668.2024.10694291

Analyzing α-divergence in Gaussian Rate-Distortion-Perception Theory

Auteurs: Martha V. Sourla, Giuseppe Serra, Photios A. Stavrou, Marios Kountouris
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), 2024
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/SPAWC60668.2024.10694296

Remote Estimation of Markov Processes over Costly Channels: On Implicit Information Benefits

Auteurs: Edoardo D. Santi, Touraj Soleymani, Deniz Gündüz
Publié dans: GLOBECOM 2024 - 2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/GLOBECOM52923.2024.10901661

Building the Self-Improvement Loop: Error Detection and Correction in Goal-Oriented Semantic Communications

Auteurs: Peizheng Li, Xinyi Lin, Adnan Aijaz
Publié dans: 2024 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN), 2025
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/CSCN63874.2024.10849728

EcoPull:Sustainable IoT Image Retrieval Empowered by TinyML Models

Auteurs: Thorsager, Mathias; Croisfelt, Victor; Shiraishi, Junya; Popovski, Petar
Publié dans: Thorsager, M, Croisfelt, V, Shiraishi, J & Popovski, P 2024, EcoPull : Sustainable IoT Image Retrieval Empowered by TinyML Models. in GLOBECOM 2024 - 2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), pp. 5066-5071. https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM52923.2024.10901782, 2024
Éditeur: IEEE
DOI: 10.1109/GLOBECOM52923.2024.10901782

Livrables

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