During M1–M18, ARMADILLO achieved major progress in detection technologies, platform development, pilot preparation, dissemination, and policy engagement, laying the foundation for system integration and operational validation.
The man achievements per WP are described below:
WP2 – Requirements and System Design
WP2 identified operational gaps in DFSA investigations and defined user requirements through impact analysis, gap analysis, and use case development. It addressed evidence handling, cross-border cooperation, gender-sensitive approaches, and socio-economic impacts. These requirements were translated into system specifications, including security, interoperability, privacy, KPIs, and validation criteria, forming the backbone for subsequent development and pilot activities.
WP3 – GHB Detection Technologies
Significant advances were made in three detection domains:
Optical methods (SERS): Wafer-scale silicon substrates with metallic nanostructures enabled sensitive GHB/GBL detection. Gold–boehmite substrates achieved detection limits around 1 mg/mL in beverages, suitable for forensic screening. A portable Raman prototype matched laboratory performance while improving portability and cost-efficiency.
Electrochemical detection: A rapid enzyme-based assay quantified GHB in ~5 minutes without sample preparation. It showed high stability, reproducibility, ethanol tolerance, and strong suitability for portable forensic use.
Immunochemical detection: Recombinant phage display was used to generate GHB-specific antibodies. Promising candidates with reproducible binding were identified and are being developed into lateral flow and Raman-compatible assays.
WP4 – Forensic Platform Development
A secure EU cloud infrastructure was deployed with encrypted storage and microservice architecture. Multiple datasets (law enforcement, GIS, socio-economic, drug-related) were integrated. AI models enabled risk scoring and predictive analytics with explainable outputs. A first web interface and backend integration were completed, aligned with WP2 requirements on security and interoperability.
WP5 – Pilot and Training Preparation
WP5 defined pilot protocols, timelines, and eight use cases across four countries. Pilots will test GHB detection in fluids and beverages, risk assessment tools, and platform usability. Training curricula were developed for law enforcement and forensic practitioners, supported by EU agencies such as EUDA and CEPOL.
WP6 – Dissemination and Policy Engagement
Communication channels (website, newsletters, social media) were launched. The project participated in EU security events and built collaborations with agencies and Horizon Europe projects. An External Expert Advisory Board was established. Exploitation activities included IP management and market analysis. Policy engagement included a roundtable with the Greek Ministry of Social Cohesion and Family Affairs and preparation of policy briefs.
