Advancing 6G-RAN through multi-technology, multi-sensor fusion, multi-band and multi-static perception

Project Information

MultiX

Grant agreement ID: 101192521

DOI

10.3030/101192521

EC signature date 7 November 2024

Start date 1 January 2025

End date 30 June 2027

Funded under

• Digital, Industry and Space

Total cost

€ 8 479 892,50

EU contribution

€ 7 999 603,00

Coordinated by

UNIVERSIDAD CARLOS III DE MADRID
Spain

Periodic Reporting for period 1 - MultiX (Advancing 6G-RAN through multi-technology, multi-sensor fusion, multi-band and multi-static perception)

Reporting period: 2025-01-01 to 2025-12-31

Summary of the context and overall objectives of the project

During the first reporting period, the MultiX project made significant progress across all its core objectives, advancing from conceptual use cases to architectural designs and initial technical implementations for a perceptive 6G-RAN ecosystem. Under WP1, six representative use cases were defined with functional requirements and validated through techno-economic and societal analysis, ensuring compliance with GDPR and the AI Act. WP2 delivered the Multi-Perception 6G RAN (MP6R) reference architecture, integrating multi-technology, multi-sensor, and multi-static sensing across 3GPP and non-3GPP domains, with a key achievement being the initial design of the Data Access and Security Hub (DASH) for secure data governance and third-party exposure. WP3 developed the core MultiX Perception System (MPS) enablers, including ISAC channel models, multi-band algorithms, energy-efficient AI architectures, and cutting-edge techniques such as Generative AI for channel reconstruction and neuromorphic architectures for ISAC receivers. WP4 established the experimental framework across the MultiX Open Labs and produced a refined validation roadmap for two flagship Proof-of-Concepts: a Multi-layer Network Digital Twin for industrial manufacturing and a contact-free eHealth monitoring system. Finally, WP5 delivered strong dissemination and standardization results, with 33 publications, 94 technical contributions to ETSI, 3GPP and IETF, while actively engaging with other Eu-funded projects and European regulatory frameworks to support future commercialization.

Work performed from the beginning of the project to the end of the period covered by the report and main results achieved so far

During the first reporting period, the MultiX project advanced from foundational use cases to a tangible architectural blueprint for a perceptive 6G-RAN ecosystem. WP1 anchored the project in real-world needs by defining 6 primary use cases which served as the basis for WP2's key achievement: the design of the MP6R reference architecture, including the MP6R Controller (MP6RC) for coordinating multi-technology integration and mobility management. In parallel, WP3 developed the MultiX Perception System (MPS), delivering joint signal processing frameworks for multi-band and multi-static sensing, while WP2 simultaneously advanced the Data Access and Security Hub (DASH) to ensure secure, privacy-preserving aggregation and third-party exposure of multi-sensor data. WP4 initiated the first phase of system integration, establishing testing environments for the two flagship Proof-of-Concepts, a Multi-layer Network Digital Twin for industrial manufacturing and a contact-free eHealth monitoring system, moving innovations toward TRL 4–5. Finally, WP5 ensured broad impact through active contributions to 3GPP, IEEE, and ETSI.

Progress beyond the state of the art and expected potential impact (including the socio-economic impact and the wider societal implications of the project so far)

During the first project year, MultiX delivered a comprehensive set of technical results across all work packages, advancing from foundational definitions to concrete architectural designs and initial implementations.
WP1 defined six representative 6G ISAC use cases, each thoroughly characterized with Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), Key Value Indicators (KVIs) aligned with UN SDGs, and full regulatory mapping against GDPR, the EU Data Act, and the AI Act. One use case was directly contributed to 3GPP TR 22.870 representing a tangible early standardization impact.
WP2 delivered the first stable MP6R reference architecture, formally defining a comprehensive set of RAN and Core Network functions. Key achievements include the design of the distributed DASH for secure multi-modal data aggregation, processing, and third-party exposure, the MP6RC as a real-time modular sensing orchestrator, and a Zero Trust governance layer with full auditability and regulatory compliance mechanisms. Initial sensing procedures and deployment options across RAN and Core were also defined.
WP3 developed the MPS foundational enablers across three pillars: new joint ISAC channel models and advanced waveforms (OFDM, OTFS, FMCW) with coherent multi-band processing algorithms; over-the-air synchronization for multi-static ISAC and 3GPP/non-3GPP sensing integration; and energy-efficient neuromorphic AI architectures with GenAI-based channel reconstruction for reduced power consumption. The m-SePF was initially integrated into the MultiX system, bridging WP3 enablers with the WP2 architecture.
WP4 established the full integration and validation framework, including structured experiment templates, full documentation of the MultiX Open Labs (5TONIC, IMDEA, InterDigital), and formal definition of both PoCs — an industrial multi-layer digital twin and a contact-free eHealth monitoring system. An ethics compliance framework and a project-wide integration roadmap were embedded to govern all upcoming validation activities and demonstrations.