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COnstRaiNing the Origin of Galactic cosmic RAys using gamma-ray and Neutrino Diffuse Emissions

Project description

Exploring cosmic rays and the mystery behind their sources

Cosmic rays (CRs), a phenomenon discovered more than a century ago, remain a mystery as their sources are still unidentified. Galactic sources capable of accelerating CRs up to PeV energies have yet to be discovered. The expected candidates, supernova remnants, have difficulties reaching such high energies. Supported by the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions programme, the CORNO GRANDE project will leverage recent observations of ultra-high-energy gamma rays by the LHAASO detector to investigate and help elucidate this mystery. It will explore how different scenarios for CR transport around sources could affect LHAASO’s ability to resolve PeV sources, examine whether star clusters may be potential PeVatrons and assess how this could impact the morphology of gamma-ray and neutrino Galactic diffuse emission.

Objective

While cosmic rays (CRs) were discovered more than a century ago, their sources have not been firmly identified yet. It is commonly believed that CRs below PeV energy have a Galactic origin. However, we struggle to find Galactic sources able to accelerate CR up to PeV energy. The standard candidates, supernova remnants (SNRs), do not seem to reach such high energies, suggesting the need for an alternative source class. A key factor in addressing this question is the observation of other messengers, such as gamma rays and neutrinos. These particles, produced by CR interactions with the interstellar medium, carry valuable information about the locations of sources, and the propagation of CRs around sources and through the Galaxy.
The LHAASO detector recently reported the observation of ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma rays from various sources, including the Cygnus cocoon, providing a first experimental proof that star clusters (SCs) might be PeVatrons. Additionally, observations suggest that the regions around some of these sources exhibit a reduced diffusion coefficient, likely due to high levels of magnetic turbulence. With LHAASO unveiling the UHE gamma-ray sky, it is timely and crucial to use these observations to identify the sources of CRs. In the first work package (WP) of CORNO GRANDE, we will investigate how different scenarios for CR transport around sources affect the capability of LHAASO to resolve PeV sources.
In the second WP, we will explore SCs as potential PeVatrons. In particular, we will use a semi-analytical model to describe CR propagation from SCs and SNRs. By computing the CR flux at Earth and comparing it with local measurements, we will constrain the magnetic turbulence around sources. In the last WP, we will constrain the number of PeV SCs in our population using the LHAASO catalog. Finally, we will calculate the gamma-ray and neutrino diffuse emission produced by our population and compare it with recent measurements by LHAASO and IceCube.

Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)

Keywords

Programme(s)

Topic(s)

Funding Scheme

HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-GF - HORIZON TMA MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships

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Call for proposal

(opens in new window) HORIZON-MSCA-2024-PF-01

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Coordinator

ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI ASTROFISICA
Net EU contribution
€ 186 383,40
Address
VIALE DEL PARCO MELLINI 84
00136 ROMA
Italy
Region
Centro (IT) Lazio Roma
Activity type
Research Organisations
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Total cost
No data

Partners (1)