Objective
CARAVEL will deliver the first integrated, TRL8 hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) value chain that converts diverse wet biogenic residues into ready-to-deploy marine fuels with low greenhouse-gas intensity, while ensuring circular, compliant management of process water and hydrochar. The project integrates full-scale conversion, upgrading, end-user validation, sustainability verification, permitting and regulatory readiness in one demonstration designed for replication.
A TRL 8, modular HTL plant will be operated under real feedstock variability for ≥30 days, generating evidence on operability, separation, fouling and corrosion, and producing >100 t of biocrude. A harmonised cross-TRL dataset and predictive model will link feedstock composition to yields and fuel quality and define allowable mixtures of biocrudes produced from multiple HTL units for centralised upgrading in a hub-and-spoke concept.
A central innovation in CARAVEL is fuel upgrading and market deployment: First, it will formulate ISO 8217-compliant blending recipes using biocrudes from multiple residues, validate miscibility and stability, and prove performance through accredited fuel testing, long-duration injector trials, and a vessel trial at TRL8.
Second, CARAVEL will demonstrate two complementary TRL7 routes to 100% renewable marine fuels from individual and mixed biocrudes: (i) esterification scale-up using an industrial loop reactor concept to deliver deep acidity reduction and fuel-grade stability, and (ii) refinery-environment hydrotreating. In parallel, CARAVEL generates TRL 7 operational and catalyst stability evidence for sustainable aviation fuel production from mixed biocrudes, targeting high jet yields and carbon efficiency.
Validated performance will be translated into audit-ready life-cycle assessment, techno-economic analysis and bankable business cases, enabling an investor-grade replication roadmap for ≥10 EU locations aligned with RED III, FuelEU Maritime and ReFuel
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
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Keywords
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Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
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HORIZON.2.5 - Climate, Energy and Mobility
MAIN PROGRAMME
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Topic(s)
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Funding Scheme
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
HORIZON-IA - HORIZON Innovation Actions
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Call for proposal
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Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
(opens in new window) HORIZON-CL5-2026-02
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Net EU financial contribution. The sum of money that the participant receives, deducted by the EU contribution to its linked third party. It considers the distribution of the EU financial contribution between direct beneficiaries of the project and other types of participants, like third-party participants.
8000 Aarhus C
Denmark
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Participants (15)
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1256 København K
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4133 Pratteln
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8210 Aarhus V
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1040 Bruxelles / Brussel
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04347 Leipzig
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D02 XE80 DUBLIN
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9400 NORRESUNDBY
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2800 Kongens Lyngby
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34394 ISTANBUL
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166 28 PRAHA
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70599 Stuttgart
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185 33 PIRAEUS
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2400 Mol
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2750 Ballerup
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Legal entity other than a subcontractor which is affiliated or legally linked to a participant. The entity carries out work under the conditions laid down in the Grant Agreement, supplies goods or provides services for the action, but did not sign the Grant Agreement. A third party abides by the rules applicable to its related participant under the Grant Agreement with regard to eligibility of costs and control of expenditure.
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82049 PULLACH I.ISARTAL
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Partners (1)
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1098 Kbenhavn
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