Objective
Holocentric chromosomes are commonly referred to as having a diffuse centromere. Holocentric chromosome organization has been described for three of the six supergroups in the domain Eukarya (the Eukaryotes): plants (angiosperms, algae and mosses), animals (numerous arthropod clades, velvet worms, and nematodes), and Rhizaria.
It has long been recognized that chromosome fragments that would be lost in monocentric chromosomes may be propagated and become fixed in organisms with holocentric chromosomes. In addition to fission and fusion, which may be only weakly underdominant or nearly neutral in holocentric chromosomes, holocentric chromosome structure facilitates translocations and inversions.
In the sedge genus Carex (Cyperaceae), 2n = 12 – 124, chromosome rearrangements contribute to genetic diversity within species. These findings suggest that holocentry is an important determinant of biodiversity patterns in the wide range of lineages in which it occurs. Holocentry undoubtedly also plays an important role in the evolution of recombination rates which may be selected by the environment. There is another dimension to chromosome evolution in organisms with holocentric chromosomes: Chromosome rearrangements may suppress recombination (islands of speciation theory).
The goals of this study are to answer four fundamental questions: 1) Do chromosome rearrangements protect ecologically significant genome regions from recombination? 2) To what extent do chromosome rearrangements decrease the fitness of first- and second-generation interpopulation crosses? 3) What are the relative contributions of hybrid dysfunction (decreased fitness of hybrids between individuals with differing chromosome numbers) and recombination suppression to chromosomal speciation? and 4) Do the population dynamics of sedges allow for rapid establishment of chromosome variants, even in the face of underdominance of those mutations?
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- natural sciences biological sciences microbiology phycology
- natural sciences biological sciences genetics mutation
- natural sciences biological sciences ecology ecosystems
- natural sciences biological sciences genetics chromosomes
- natural sciences biological sciences zoology invertebrate zoology
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Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Topic(s)
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Call for proposal
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF
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Funding Scheme
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Coordinator
28006 MADRID
Spain
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.