Description du projet
La puissance de la lumière au service des carburants chimiques renouvelables
Il devient de plus en plus urgent de disposer de nouvelles sources d’énergie propre présentant un niveau élevé d’efficacité. La capacité des plantes à tirer directement leur énergie du soleil constitue, dans ce contexte, une grande source d’inspiration. Approfondir le domaine de l’ingénierie verte inspirée par la nature s’est donc présenté comme une nécessité. Le projet COFLeaF, financé par l’UE, entend mettre au point un système photocatalytique hétérogène monosite capable de produire de manière fiable des combustibles solaires à partir d’eau et de CO2. Plus précisément, il intégrera divers sous-systèmes nécessaires au processus photocatalytique global dans une plateforme polymère appelée «COF leaf». Ce procédé permet d’adapter chaque étape de la conversion de l’énergie solaire en carburants chimiques renouvelables. À terme, la plateforme permettra de simplifier la conversion de l’énergie solaire en développant des catalyseurs fonctionnels capables de dissocier l’eau et de réduire le CO2, faisant ainsi progresser la production de carburants chimiques renouvelables.
Objectif
The efficient conversion of solar energy into renewable chemical fuels has been identified as one of the grand challenges facing society today and one of the major driving forces of materials innovation.
Nature’s photosynthesis producing chemical fuels through the revaluation of sunlight has inspired generations of chemists to develop platforms mimicking the natural photosynthetic process, albeit at lower levels of complexity. While artificial photosynthesis remains a considerable challenge due to the intricate interplay between materials design, photochemistry and catalysis, the spotlights – light-driven water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen and carbon dioxide reduction into methane or methanol – have emerged as viable pathways into both a clean and sustainable energy future. With this proposal, we aim at introducing a new class of polymeric photocatalysts based on covalent organic frameworks, COFs, to bridge the gap between semiconductor and molecular systems and explore rational ways to design single-site heterogeneous photocatalysts offering both chemical tunability and stability.
The development of a photocatalytic model system is proposed, which will be tailored by molecular synthetic protocols and optimized by solid-state chemical procedures and crystal engineering so as to provide insights into the architectures, reactive intermediates and mechanistic steps involved in the photocatalytic process, with complementary insights from theory. We envision the integration of various molecular subsystems including photosensitizers, redox shuttles and molecular co-catalysts in a single semiconducting COF backbone. Taking advantage of the hallmarks of COFs – molecular definition and tunability, crystallinity, porosity and rigidity – we describe the design of COF systems capable of light-induced hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution and overall water splitting, and delineate strategies to use COFs as integrated platforms for CO2 capture, activation and conversion.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitution d’accueil
80539 Munchen
Allemagne