Project name: Linking Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer in the Level of Genetics, Circulating Biomarkers, Microbiota and Environmental Risk Factors ( BIOMENDELIAN)
The problem being addressed in BIOMENDELIAN:
The purpose of this proposal is to provide novel understanding of causal connections between cardiometabolic traits and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer, and of interactions between genetic and dietary risk factors for cardiometabolic disease, and to clarify their connection to gut and oral microbiota and cancer. Investigating the complex interactions between dietary factors, genetic risk factors, circulating biomarkers and gut and oral microbiota constitution in a comprehensive prospective cohort study design is a crucial first step to allow for subsequent intervention studies. The purpose of this proposal is to provide novel intervention strategies aiming to more effective prevention of cardiometabolic disease and cancer.
Why is BIOMENDELIAN important for society?
The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes increase severely in the World, including in European countries. Obesity and type 2 diabetes increase the risk for cardiometabolic complications such as coronary heart disease and stroke, and cardiovascular mortality, and obesity is also a risk factor for amny common cancer forms.
As these conditions severely decrease the quality of life of a person, but also severely increase the economical burden for the society (loss of working power and high medical costs), it is important to find novel effective ways to prevent obesity and the asociated diseases that increase the risk of mortality.
What are the overall objectives of BIOMENDELIAN?
1. To investigate causality between genetic risk factors for cardiometabolic traits and future incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer (total and subtypes of common forms) and mortality (total, CVD- and cancer mortality), searching for connecting and disconnecting causal factors
2. To investigate how gut and oral microbiome are regulated by dietary factors, gut satiety peptides and host genetics, and how such connections relate to the risk of cardiometabolic diseases and cancer, in a large population
3. To understand the role of diet and gene-diet interactions of importance for cardiometabolic disease and cancer aiming to better nutrition recommendations
4. To perform genotype, biomarker and gut microbiota based diet intervention studies. Individuals for lipid- and carbohydrate challenges and to longer diet interventions are selected based on extreme genotypes, gut hormone levels and gut microbiome.
