Global warming has been demonstrated to exert a negative effect on Agriculture, for instance counteracting the possible benefits that an increase in CO2 might have in plant physiology. One of the most serious problems caused by higher temperatures with respect to cultivated plants is the decrease in male fertility, which has been associated to several factors including the malformation of pollen grains and to the limitation of pollen tube growth during fertilization. The investigation of treatments and the search for crop varieties that allow an increased tolerance to high temperatures is a very active research field. Several compounds have been tested in the lab to improve pollen fertility with different degrees of success, suchas ethylene, brassinosteroids and auxins. REPROHEAT has tackled this issue with two strategies in parallel: (1) the generation of plant varieties that increase endogenous auxin production in ovaries to promote pollen tube elongation; and (2) the search for compounds that stimulate pollen tube growth by reducing auxin inactivation in ovaries.