Objective
The aim of this research was to examine the technical capability of various technologies to produce further purification of biologically treated coke-works effluents, and to make projections regarding the economics of their full-scale implementation.
After the initial removal of tars and the majority of ammonia by traditional physical and chemical means, the residual aqueous effluent arising from the coke manufacturing process is conventionally purified further by aerobic biological treatment before being allowed to discharge to a watercourse, and well designed and operated biological treatment is capable of removing pollutants such as phenol, thiocyanate and ammonia down to trace concentrations. In addition, approximately 85-90% of the chemical oxygen demand of the effluent will be removed.
Notwithstanding the high degree of purification effected by the conventional route, there are pressures to further purify coke works effluents before discharge, examples being the mooted imposition in certain instances of discharge limits of < 20 mg/l suspended solids, < 0.5 ug/1 Benzo-a-pyrene and the need to achieve > 95% removal of the chemical oxygen demand.
Seven technologies were considered. These were:-
- Gravity sedimentation, sand filtration, dissolved air flotation and cross-flow microfiltration to remove suspended solids and insoluble pollutants.
- Absorption onto carbon, oxidation by hydrogen peroxide and oxidation by ozone, to remove soluble pollutants and their associated chemical oxygen demand.
In examining these technologies, tests were conducted on the biologically treated effluents from three separate coke works and, where practicable, large pilot scale plants were operated for extended periods on site to collaborate data from smaller scale work.
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Coordinator
S42 6NG Chesterfield
United Kingdom
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