Descripción del proyecto
Proteger los cultivos de plátanos de los patógenos
Los nematodos, los gorgojos y la enfermedad de Panamá causan estragos en los cultivos de plátanos, provocando pérdidas anuales por valor de miles de millones de euros en las Islas Canarias, el Caribe y África. Estas amenazas ponen en peligro la seguridad alimentaria, sobre todo en África subsahariana, donde millones de personas dependen del plátano como alimento básico y fuente de ingresos. Sin embargo, los plaguicidas convencionales ya no son sostenibles debido a los daños y restricciones medioambientales. En ausencia de estrategias a largo plazo y métodos de control eficaces, junto con unas condiciones climáticas cambiantes, los cultivos de plátanos se enfrentan a riesgos crecientes de patógenos y plagas. El proyecto MUSA, financiado con fondos europeos, abordará este reto aprovechando el poder de los microorganismos beneficiosos. Mediante innovadores métodos de gestión integrada de plagas, que aprovechan los microorganismos beneficiosos, en MUSA se pretende revolucionar el cultivo del plátano, protegiendo las cosechas y garantizando una producción sostenible de alimentos.
Objetivo
Nematodes and weevils of banana with Panama disease globally affect food security, causing yearly crop losses for many billion € in Canary Islands, Caribbean and Africa. These threats concomitantly affect crops in tropical and sub-tropical systems. In regions such as Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) millions of farmers rely on cooking banana, plantain and ensete as starch staple food crops and for income. Pesticides no longer represent a sustainable option for control, and many have been progressively withdrawn from use in the EU or are highly restricted, due to harmful effects on the environment and toxic residues. In SSA, where phytosanitary policies and regulations are often less effective, such pesticides are still being (mis)used, posing a significant threat to vulnerable farmers and consumers. In the absence of long term strategies or suitable control methods, and under the influence of changing climates in tropical and subtropical regions, the banana crops are becoming ever more exposed to pathogens and pests due to higher multiplication rates and prevalence induced by temperatures and rainfall patterns. The principal outcome of this project will be to achieve sustainable intensification of Musa spp. and ensete crops, through identification, development and implementation of IPM based on beneficial microorganisms. MUSA proposes, in a holistic view, IPM methods based on microbial consortia and banana germplasm, studying the plant reactions (phenotypic and molecular) to different biotic stresses. This will be achieved by screening, testing and evaluating in the field, selected banana lines, in an attempt to identify (via transcriptomic analyses) the principal genes involved in driving a resistant/succumbent response, and the interaction with beneficial microorganisms. The latter include endophytes and biocontrol agents (EBCAs) integrated with plant germplasm to develop information-based IPM strategies through field trials.
Ámbito científico
- agricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagricultureagronomyplant protection
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiologymycology
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesdata sciencedata mining
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencesnutrition
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiological behavioural sciencesethologybiological interactions
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Tema(s)
Convocatoria de propuestas
Consulte otros proyectos de esta convocatoriaConvocatoria de subcontratación
H2020-SFS-2016-2
Régimen de financiación
RIA - Research and Innovation actionCoordinador
00185 Roma
Italia