New states of Entangled Matter Out of equilibrium

Project Information

NEMO

Grant agreement ID: 771536

DOI

10.3030/771536

Project closed

EC signature date 18 April 2018

Start date 1 September 2018

End date 31 August 2024

Funded under

• EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC)

Total cost

€ 1 521 423,00

EU contribution

€ 1 521 423,00

Coordinated by

SCUOLA INTERNAZIONALE SUPERIORE DI STUDI AVANZATI DI TRIESTE
Italy

Periodic Reporting for period 4 - NEMO (New states of Entangled Matter Out of equilibrium)

Reporting period: 2023-03-01 to 2024-08-31

Summary of the context and overall objectives of the project

In the field of non-equilibrium quantum physics, a vast array of exotic phenomena emerges, with no equivalent in equilibrium states.
Quantum entanglement serves as a key tool to analyze these novel behaviors. This project pushed forward this research area through multiple innovative avenues.
These advancements are essential for the progression of future quantum technologies, as they lay the groundwork for new approaches to harness and control quantum phenomena.
By deepening our understanding of non-equilibrium behaviors and entanglement dynamics, these developments open pathways toward innovative applications in quantum computing,
secure communication, and precision measurement.
The ability to manipulate and characterize complex quantum states more effectively will drive the creation of robust, scalable quantum systems and enable breakthroughs in fields
such as cryptography, sensing, and materials science.

Work performed from the beginning of the project to the end of the period covered by the report and main results achieved so far

One major advancement includes a new framework for calculating the time evolution of entanglement, achieved by ingeniously reversing the roles of space and time.
Another significant direction introduces entanglement asymmetry as a powerful probe for detecting symmetry breaking.
This concept led to the surprising discovery of the quantum Mpemba effect, where, under certain conditions, a more asymmetric initial configuration can relax to restore symmetry faster than a symmetric one.
In addition to the foundational publication in Nature Communications, two significant studies published in Physical Review Letters stand out.
One provides experimental validation of the quantum Mpemba effect using a trapped-ion simulator, while the other offers a proposed microscopic mechanism in integrable models.

Progress beyond the state of the art and expected potential impact (including the socio-economic impact and the wider societal implications of the project so far)

The advancements described above represent significant progress beyond the current state of the art, meeting key milestones set for the project.
These breakthroughs have provided critical insights and refined techniques essential for understanding entangled states in non-equilibrium quantum systems.
We achieved a comprehensive characterization of these entangled states, including in complex scenarios such as spin-charge separated systems.
This expanded understanding offers a detailed map of the entanglement properties in these systems, potentially revealing new mechanisms for quantum manipulation
and control that could further enhance their applicability in next-generation quantum technologies.

Pictorial representation of the light-cone spreading of entanglement

Construction of entanglement asymmetry