Urban mobility is becoming an issue of great importance in today’s society due to the increasing population movements towards big cities and the exponential growth of cities in developing countries. Today, urban mobility schemes are evolving faster than ever mainly due to social, economic and technological changes. The democratization of smart mobile devices is allowing new business models based on sharing goods and services: the sharing economy. Its fast growth during recent years reflects a shift from owning goods toward accessing them when you need them.
In that context, Shared mobility (SM) services have grown exponentially during last years. Whilst car sharing is still the most widespread form of SM, other services such as bike sharing, ride hailing and flexible forms of public transport are also growing rapidly. New services based on the use of mobile apps to match demand and offer and to aggregate different transport modes are constantly increasing. These developments create the potential for an integrated system of multi-modal SM services – increasingly referred to as “Mobility as a Service” (MaaS) – that will drive market innovation.
Geolocation of users and vehicles by means of satellite navigation technologies has been widely used and it´s a key enabler for most of the services. Traditional GPS-based solutions have proven not to be a reliable solution because of:
- Lack of availability in certain areas of the city (deep urban), where most of these services are offered.
- Positioning errors, and therefore misleading information to both users and operators.
- Unaffordable battery consumption, data communication and tracking device costs.
New European Satellite Navigation Satellite System, Galileo, has just declared initial operations in 2016. Galileo will further improve signal availability, thus enhancing continuity of service for shared mobility services in urban or challenging environments. By contributing to multi-constellation solutions, Galileo can satisfy the need for higher accuracy, availability and fast Time-To-First-Fix. Moreover, the introduction of new communication technologies addressing Internet-of-Things market, such as Sigfox, LTE-M or NB-IoT, can bring down the device cost and battery consumption, facilitating the exploitation of geolocation information from shared mobility fleets.
MaaS, conceived as a single front-end app-based service that gives access to the wide offer of transport services within a city, it´s still in an early stage of development. Several contactless public transport tickets aggregating different offers exist in some cities, such as Viena, London or Paris. There have been also some private start-up initiatives in Helsinki (Whim) or Goteborg (Ubigo) to provide a complete MaaS package, and a European level association, MaaS Alliance, to foster the development of the concept.
Galileo For Mobility supports the introduction of Galileo technology within the MaaS context by analysing the needs in terms of geolocation of the different stakeholders involved and demonstrating the benefits of Galileo through pilot demonstrators of shared mobility services. More specifically, Galileo For Mobility pursues the following three objectives:
1) To understand, define and validate which are the requirements for GNSS-Galileo in MaaS
2) To develop the key elements to exploit Galileo benefits within the MaaS sector
3) To disseminate the project results and support their exploitation after the project lifetime
