Description du projet
Explorer les facteurs personnels qui alimentent le populisme
Le populisme a toujours été un des aspects de l’échiquier politique européen. Toute la question est de savoir quels sont les facteurs qui sont à l’origine du populisme. Le projet EXTREME, financé par l’UE, entend déterminer si les décisions politiques des citoyens sont influencées par leur expérience personnelle, leur environnement informationnel et leur interaction avec les chocs économiques globaux. Il se concentrera plus particulièrement sur les facteurs qui ont conduit à voter pour les populistes de l’UKIP et le Brexit. Il étudiera également la résistance au régime nazi pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Pour ce faire, l’équipe de recherche mesurera la résistance en étudiant un ensemble de données qu’elle collectera elle-même sur les cas de trahison, ainsi que des données sur les bombardements et l’exposition à la propagande étrangère. Le projet explorera également les facteurs personnels qui ont influencé l’élection de Donald Trump lors des élections américaines de 2016.
Objectif
In the recent years in advanced democracies there has been a wave of electoral successes of populist politicians supporting extreme messages. Is populism caused by negative economic shocks? If so, what are the mechanisms? What explains heterogeneity in responses to such shocks? In this project, I will test empirically if personal experiences, information environment, and their interaction with aggregate economic shocks shape people’s political decisions. The project consists of three parts.
First, I will study how personal employment histories, potentially affected by globalization and technological shocks, individual predispositions, and information environment influenced voting for Trump. I will use a unique database of more than 40 million resumes for the period 2010-2016, the largest available repository of resumes of job-seekers in the US, which was not previously used in academic research, and match it with zipcode-level economic and voting variables.
Second, I will study how negative social experiences during the formative years affect subsequent labor market outcomes, antisocial behavior, and the support of populist agenda. I will examine how corporal punishment in schools in UK affected subsequent educational attainment, employment, antisocial behavior, and voting for UKIP and Brexit. I will digitize archival records on regulations and practice of corporal punishment in different educational authorities in the UK during 1970-80s, combining it with contemporary outcomes.
Third, I will examine what makes people actively resist extremist regimes even when it is associated with high personal costs. I will study a historical example of resistance to Nazi regime in Germany during the WWII, which provides unique methodological opportunity to study determinants of resistance to extremism in a high stake environment. I will use a self-collected dataset on treason cases to measure resistance, combining it with data on bombing and exposure to foreign propaganda.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitution d’accueil
08002 Barcelona
Espagne