Description du projet
Exploiter les forces de la nature pour transporter des molécules à petites échelles
Mélanger des particules est un geste quotidien, comme remuer son café avec une cuillère. À l’échelle micro ou nanométrique, de tels outils n’existent pas, faisant du mélange et du transport un véritable défi. Un certain nombre de processus de transport biologique, du mouvement des bactéries dans l’intestin au transport sélectif dans les canaux ioniques du cerveau, doivent donc s’appuyer sur des stratégies alternatives. Les gradients électrochimiques ne sont qu’une des nombreuses forces motrices exploitées par les systèmes biologiques ou artificiels. Le projet MolecularControl, financé par l’UE, développe des outils théoriques pour mieux caractériser ces thermodynamiques hors équilibre, ouvrant la voie à un meilleur contrôle du transport et de l’assemblage moléculaires dans des domaines tels que la santé et l’énergie.
Objectif
Numerous biological processes harvest out-of-equilibrium forces for transport, sensing, signaling and more. For example, pumping of ions is performed within fluctuating pores that are believed to facilitate transport. The nature of these forces is extremely diverse, from electrical driving to thermodynamic or chemical driving. The ability to describe nonequilibrium states is critical to understand a broad range of biological processes but remains extremely challenging as appropriate thermodynamic concepts have only recently been introduced and are still scarce . The MolecularControl project aims at developing theoretical tools that can be widely applied to out-of-equilibrium soft matter problems. I will use these tools to address more specificially systems relevant to health issues or sustainable energy.
In this context, I will develop two theoretical frameworks in the USA. The first will address the dynamics of ions in confinement (electrochemical driving) and will be used to describe the blockage mechanism of a specific neuronal ion channel called NMDA. The second will address the fast growth of molecular crystals via screw dislocations (kinetic and thermodynamic driving) and will be applied to the growth of L-cystine crystals, involved in the formation of kidney stones, a major health issue.
Back to Europe with this added value of mastering numerous tools to control molecular assembly and ionic transport in nonequilibrium systems, I will use them to study (a) ion current fluctuations in confinement and between electrodes for applications in individual ionic sensing, advanced capacitive electrode design and blue energy generation and (b) molecular assembly in a more realistic kidney representation, in particular under flow.
This project represents a unique opportunity to grow as an independent researcher with a strong transatlantic network and to become a future leader in an emerging scientific field of great fundamental and societal relevance.
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MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinateur
75794 Paris
France