Periodic Reporting for period 2 - TEAR (TRULY EXTENDED EARTHQUAKE RUPTURE)
Période du rapport: 2021-04-01 au 2022-09-30
Earthquakes are a multi-scale and multi-physics hazard. For the coming decades, there is no realistic hope to reliably predict earthquakes, thus, the method of choice to mitigate earthquake-related damage is to forecast strong ground motions for likely earthquake scenarios. However, the mechanics and feedback of earthquake fault networks throughout the seismic cycle are poorly understood.
The ERC Starting Grant project “TEAR - Truly Extended Earthquake Rupture” provides a bridge by modeling using the largest supercomputers world-wide, enabling, for example, physics-based forecasting of ground shaking. TEAR proposes a paradigm shift in modeling earthquake dynamics and our understanding on how faults slip - a grand challenge of computational seismology and geophysics. For this purpose TEAR combines novel mathematical frameworks, field observations, laboratory data and cutting-edge numerical techniques empowered by supercomputing.
TEAR’s objective is to combine physics-based computer simulations with data-driven techniques and theoretical analysis to uncover the physical mechanisms and parameters relevant to understanding earthquakes. TEAR aims to harness the full breadth of increasingly data-rich earthquake- and long-term observations across space-time scales and to incorporate relevant physical processes into novel modeling approaches. This entails studying a range of multi-physics problems, including earthquake-tsunami interaction and induced earthquakes in geo-reservoirs and is rooted in interdisciplinarity within Geophysics and beyond, including Computer Science and Applied Mathematics.
The ERC Starting Grant project “TEAR - Truly Extended Earthquake Rupture” provides a bridge by modeling using the largest supercomputers world-wide, enabling, for example, physics-based forecasting of ground shaking. TEAR proposes a paradigm shift in modeling earthquake dynamics and our understanding on how faults slip - a grand challenge of computational seismology and geophysics. For this purpose TEAR combines novel mathematical frameworks, field observations, laboratory data and cutting-edge numerical techniques empowered by supercomputing.
TEAR’s objective is to combine physics-based computer simulations with data-driven techniques and theoretical analysis to uncover the physical mechanisms and parameters relevant to understanding earthquakes. TEAR aims to harness the full breadth of increasingly data-rich earthquake- and long-term observations across space-time scales and to incorporate relevant physical processes into novel modeling approaches. This entails studying a range of multi-physics problems, including earthquake-tsunami interaction and induced earthquakes in geo-reservoirs and is rooted in interdisciplinarity within Geophysics and beyond, including Computer Science and Applied Mathematics.
The TEAR team successfully established augmenting earthquake modeling with observational data and methodological innovations, gained fundamental insight into earthquake physics and strengthened physics-based modeling for earthquake response and rapid scientific analysis.
Major achievements of the first half of the TEAR project, October 2019 - March 2022, include the development and advancement of novel open-source earthquake simulation research software (https://www.tear-erc.eu/software-and-data/) to model co-seismic, aseismic and seismic cycling on naturally complex faults, validated by observations. To this end, we formulate novel mathematical and computational frameworks for deforming visco-elasto-plastic materials and explored the impact of geometric and structural fault zone complexity on how faults slip.
Applications include unprecedented physics-based and data-constrained models of the 2004 Sumatra megathrust earthquake and tsunami; 2016, Norcia, Italy, earthquake; 2017 Pohang, South Korea, induced earthquake; 2018 Palu, Sulawesi Earthquake and Tsunami; Slow slip events in the Guerrero Gap, Mexico and the Hikurangi, New Zealand subduction zone; Mau’ii fault, Papua New Guinea detachment earthquake scenarios and Cascadia, USA, megathrust scenarios. TEAR is part of the H2020 Open Research Data (ORD) Pilot and adheres to the FAIR data policy, which asks for data to be findable, accessible, interoperable, and re-usable, as illustrated by numerous TEAR open data repositories.
TEAR related results were published in 28 peer-reviewed publications, including in Nature Geosciences and additional 6 book chapters, white papers, reports and conference contributions. The TEAR team disseminated project results in 116 contributions at international conferences and workshops, including contributions led by BSc. and MSc. student presenters.
The impact of TEAR is further highlighted by 25 invited seminar and conference talks, including the two highly prestigious invitation as a Distinguished Speaker at the 2021 ISC High Performance Conference (this talk was featured in the popular media outlet of HPCWire, https://www.hpcwire.com/2021/07/06/how-hpc-is-shaking-up-modeling-of-mysterious-earthquakes/ ). PI Gabriel was an invited seminar series speaker at Berkeley/IPGP, USC, Lamont/Columbia, Caltech, Harvard, Stanford as well as ETH Zurich Switzerland, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, GeoAzur Nice France, the University of Padua Italy, GFZ Potsdam and an invited conference speaker at AGU, JpGU-AGU, SSA, SIAM-GS, the Sirius Mathematics Center Conference Sochi Russia and the Platform for Advanced Scientific Computing (PASC) conferences. Due to the pandemic, most of these were delivered virtually and two additional invited seminars were postponed.
Major achievements of the first half of the TEAR project, October 2019 - March 2022, include the development and advancement of novel open-source earthquake simulation research software (https://www.tear-erc.eu/software-and-data/) to model co-seismic, aseismic and seismic cycling on naturally complex faults, validated by observations. To this end, we formulate novel mathematical and computational frameworks for deforming visco-elasto-plastic materials and explored the impact of geometric and structural fault zone complexity on how faults slip.
Applications include unprecedented physics-based and data-constrained models of the 2004 Sumatra megathrust earthquake and tsunami; 2016, Norcia, Italy, earthquake; 2017 Pohang, South Korea, induced earthquake; 2018 Palu, Sulawesi Earthquake and Tsunami; Slow slip events in the Guerrero Gap, Mexico and the Hikurangi, New Zealand subduction zone; Mau’ii fault, Papua New Guinea detachment earthquake scenarios and Cascadia, USA, megathrust scenarios. TEAR is part of the H2020 Open Research Data (ORD) Pilot and adheres to the FAIR data policy, which asks for data to be findable, accessible, interoperable, and re-usable, as illustrated by numerous TEAR open data repositories.
TEAR related results were published in 28 peer-reviewed publications, including in Nature Geosciences and additional 6 book chapters, white papers, reports and conference contributions. The TEAR team disseminated project results in 116 contributions at international conferences and workshops, including contributions led by BSc. and MSc. student presenters.
The impact of TEAR is further highlighted by 25 invited seminar and conference talks, including the two highly prestigious invitation as a Distinguished Speaker at the 2021 ISC High Performance Conference (this talk was featured in the popular media outlet of HPCWire, https://www.hpcwire.com/2021/07/06/how-hpc-is-shaking-up-modeling-of-mysterious-earthquakes/ ). PI Gabriel was an invited seminar series speaker at Berkeley/IPGP, USC, Lamont/Columbia, Caltech, Harvard, Stanford as well as ETH Zurich Switzerland, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, GeoAzur Nice France, the University of Padua Italy, GFZ Potsdam and an invited conference speaker at AGU, JpGU-AGU, SSA, SIAM-GS, the Sirius Mathematics Center Conference Sochi Russia and the Platform for Advanced Scientific Computing (PASC) conferences. Due to the pandemic, most of these were delivered virtually and two additional invited seminars were postponed.
In 2020, PI Gabriel was awarded the Charles F. Richter Early Career Award of the Seismological Society of America and the PRACE Ada Lovelace Award for HPC. TEAR student Nico Schliwa earned an 2021 SSA Student Presentation Award and 2022 Munich GeoCenter, Best MSc. thesis award.
High-performance computing resources for TEAR were secured in a successful proposal to the Gauss Supercomputing Centre project “3-D seismic wave propagation and earthquake rupture: New roads for the forward and inverse problem” on SuperMUC-NG (total of ~30 Mio CPUh). The TEAR team co-led the 10/2020 and 10/2021 1st and 2nd PRACE Advanced Training on HPC for Computational Seismology at the High-Performance-Computing Centre Stuttgart (organized by the ChEESE EU Center of Excellence), which was virtual and free of charge for about 60 participants with preferred access for underrepresented European E13 country participants. All attendees gained access to the HLRS, Stuttgart, supercomputer and learned about advances and challenges in numerical wave simulations combined with hands-on training. The participants' evaluation was positive (more than 95% of attendees would recommend the course), certainly rendering this style of hands-on online teaching as an interesting pathway to “lower the barrier to HPC” in the future.
TEAR also delivered an invited Mini-Tutorial at the SIAM Conference on Mathematical & Computational Issues in the Geosciences (GS21). Since the conference was virtual, PI Gabriel and PostDoc C. Uphoff developed an interactive mini-tutorial on “High-Performance Computing for Computational Seismology and Earthquake Physics” using Jupyter notebooks and docker containers providing our research codes and training examples “to go” for all participants, ensuring a sustainable teaching experience. In September 2021, PI Gabriel was also selected as in person lecturer for a hands-on tutorial on “HPC dynamic rupture modeling using SeisSol” at the “Earthquake Summer School on Nucleation, Triggering, and Relationships With Seismic Processes” in Cargèse, Corsica, France. The PI also joined an all-female editorial board for a Frontiers in Earth Science special issue called "High-Performance Computing in Solid Earth Geohazards: Progresses, Achievements and Challenges for a Safer World".
In the second half of TEAR we will continue our efforts for developing truly multi-scale and multi-physics computational models of how faults slip with a strong focus on applications, observational validation and hazard and societal implications. We will explore new application areas with respect to induced and deep earthquakes.
High-performance computing resources for TEAR were secured in a successful proposal to the Gauss Supercomputing Centre project “3-D seismic wave propagation and earthquake rupture: New roads for the forward and inverse problem” on SuperMUC-NG (total of ~30 Mio CPUh). The TEAR team co-led the 10/2020 and 10/2021 1st and 2nd PRACE Advanced Training on HPC for Computational Seismology at the High-Performance-Computing Centre Stuttgart (organized by the ChEESE EU Center of Excellence), which was virtual and free of charge for about 60 participants with preferred access for underrepresented European E13 country participants. All attendees gained access to the HLRS, Stuttgart, supercomputer and learned about advances and challenges in numerical wave simulations combined with hands-on training. The participants' evaluation was positive (more than 95% of attendees would recommend the course), certainly rendering this style of hands-on online teaching as an interesting pathway to “lower the barrier to HPC” in the future.
TEAR also delivered an invited Mini-Tutorial at the SIAM Conference on Mathematical & Computational Issues in the Geosciences (GS21). Since the conference was virtual, PI Gabriel and PostDoc C. Uphoff developed an interactive mini-tutorial on “High-Performance Computing for Computational Seismology and Earthquake Physics” using Jupyter notebooks and docker containers providing our research codes and training examples “to go” for all participants, ensuring a sustainable teaching experience. In September 2021, PI Gabriel was also selected as in person lecturer for a hands-on tutorial on “HPC dynamic rupture modeling using SeisSol” at the “Earthquake Summer School on Nucleation, Triggering, and Relationships With Seismic Processes” in Cargèse, Corsica, France. The PI also joined an all-female editorial board for a Frontiers in Earth Science special issue called "High-Performance Computing in Solid Earth Geohazards: Progresses, Achievements and Challenges for a Safer World".
In the second half of TEAR we will continue our efforts for developing truly multi-scale and multi-physics computational models of how faults slip with a strong focus on applications, observational validation and hazard and societal implications. We will explore new application areas with respect to induced and deep earthquakes.