Description du projet
De nouveaux gènes de prédisposition dans le cancer du sein familial
Le cancer du sein familial (CSF) est associé à des gènes génétiquement inhérents au cancer du sein, tels que le BRCA1 et le BRCA2. Toutefois, la prédisposition génétique de plus de 60 % des cas de CSF reste à déterminer. L’objectif du projet FBC predisposition, financé par l’UE, consiste à identifier de nouvelles variantes de gènes du CSF et à les utiliser pour surveiller et conseiller les patientes. Une analyse à haut débit chez les patientes atteintes d’une maladie à apparition précoce a identifié 270 gènes présentant une association potentielle au cancer du sein. L’élucidation de la fonction moléculaire de ces gènes candidats peut servir de base à la stratification des personnes en fonction du risque de CSF et au développement d’interventions ciblées.
Objectif
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Familial breast cancer (FBC) is expected to account for up to 15% of breast cancers. Although recent breakthroughs have resulted in the identification of distinct new groups of genetically inherent breast cancer genes, about 64% of the genetic predisposition to FBC remains unexplained. Therefore, new approaches are required to identify remaining genetic factors underlying FBC susceptibility. This is crucial because the elucidation of inherent cancer defects offers the ability to counsel and monitor patients. Importantly, it also provides firm ground for therapeutically targeting particular cancer pathways for example through Poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) that exploit synthetic lethality with particular DNA repair deficiencies.
To advance the field, my host lab has performed High-Throughput phenotypic screen, based on gene variants recognized in a FBC cohort of 135 early-onset (age <35 years) breast cancer patients through whole exome sequencing. The 270 new genes with potential disease association were enrolled in screens, focusing on genome maintenance and PARPi sensitivity. These unique preliminary data form the basis for my project. I hypothesize that by performing following specific analyses I will be able to elucidate new FBC predisposition genes:
•Ranking of screen hits by performing FBC-associated variant analysis in an international and Danish FBC cohort.
•Elucidating molecular function of novel FBC predisposition genes in genome maintenance.
•Unraveling the molecular network of candidate proteins by unbiased Mass-spectrometry as well as follow-up analysis of interactors.
I anticipate that my work will provide novel FBC predisposition genes, which will markedly contribute to clinical risk assessment tools (such as targeted sequencing) by ensuring identification of individuals at elevated risk who benefit from advances in surveillance and targeted interventions.
Champ scientifique
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MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinateur
1165 Kobenhavn
Danemark