Descripción del proyecto
Una tecnología para mejorar los procesos de biorrefinería
El cambio climático aumenta la demanda de materiales neutros en carbono y de energía renovable. Con todo, el crecimiento de la industria de la biorrefinería se ve obstaculizado por el bajo margen de beneficios y la eficacia limitada de los procesos. La recalcitrancia de la biomasa se considera una limitación importante en el proceso de transformación de biomasa lignocelulósica, que es una de las mejores opciones como materia prima renovable pero que conlleva altos costes derivados del proceso de sacarificación. El proyecto financiado con fondos europeos APPLICAL propone un método que reduce la recalcitrancia de la biomasa con respecto a la bioconversión en azúcares fermentables. Con la introducción de un 5 % de calosa en álamos modificados genéticamente, el número de azúcares fermentables liberados durante las pruebas de sacarificación aumenta sin perjudicar el crecimiento. La reducción de las materias primas y la mejora del rendimiento y la producción proporcionan un valor añadido a las biorrefinerías.
Objetivo
BioBiorefineries are facing a positive economic outlook due to the ever-growing concerns for climate change, which is triggering demand towards carbon neutral materials and energy derived from renewable sources. However, the growth of the industry is hampered by their low profit margins and additional investments and innovations are needed to improve process efficiency.
The key problem in migrating towards green production is the biomass recalcitrance, which is known to be a major bottleneck in the lignocellulosic biomass conversion process. The initial steps common to several biorefinery process pipelines, the extraction and sugar conversion process (saccharification), can account to as much as 40-45% of the process costs. Therefore, biorefineries can achieve extensive economic impact by addressing this part of their process through a simple business development effort.
We recently made a breakthrough and obtained a biomass less recalcitrant to bioconversion into fermentable sugars. Results show that introduction of only 5% Callose in genetically modified poplars led to 90% more fermentable sugars released during saccharification experiments without any growth penalty, a frequent drawback for such innovations. In practice, this proposes added value to biorefineries through decreased raw material intake, improved throughput and improved yield. For instance, bioethanol production could expect a linear throughput increase (in the 50-90% range) with the same material intake. Moreover, the more manageable pretreatment process will also experience improved energy efficiency.
In the PoC we will carry out technical proof-of-concept and commercialisation planning activities to improve the maturity, and bringing our patented innovation closer to the markets with applications ranging from biofuels, advanced materials and bioplastics to specialty chemicals. Our initial goal is to start industrial scale trials in 5 years time and achieve substantial market penetration by 2035.
Ámbito científico
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatologyclimatic changes
- engineering and technologyindustrial biotechnologybiomaterialsbioplastics
- engineering and technologyindustrial biotechnologybiomaterialsbiofuels
- agricultural sciencesagricultural biotechnologybiomass
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-POC - Proof of Concept GrantInstitución de acogida
00014 Helsingin Yliopisto
Finlandia