Project description
Evolution across broad spectrum of human gut microbial species
More than 200 microbial species inhabit each human gut and are important for human health, supporting nutrition, pathogen defence and immune homeostasis. Most gut microbiome studies have focused on dominant bacteria, and very little is known about the highly diverse pro- and eukaryotes of low abundance. The EU-funded EPYC project is based on the hypothesis that low abundance pro- and eukaryotes persist for multiple generations in the human host, indicating their importance. The project will characterise the evolution of long-term human-associated eukaryotes and prokaryotes, using high-precision metagenomics of elusive microbes, studying the microbial genetics of their gastrointestinal persistence, and estimating pro- and eukaryotic strain persistence across human generations.
Objective
The EPYC project will characterize the evolution of long-term human associated eukaryotes and prokaryotes, using colonization patterns in 3 human generations.
The gut microbiome is important for human health, supporting nutrition, pathogen defence and immune homeostasis, with more than 200 species inhabiting each human gut. In recent years metagenomics led to notable breakthroughs in describing this microbial diversity, yet 50-90% of species are typically present at too low abundance to be genome or strain resolved. Thus, most gut microbiome studies focused to date on dominant bacteria and very little is known of the highly diverse, yet low abundance, pro- and eukaryotes (elusive microbes). Importantly, elusive microbes are an inherent part of ecosystem successions persisting at different ages of the host. I propose that niche adaptation and persistence are key indicators of a taxa’s importance to the gut ecosystem and host health. I will determine which microbes persist for years within a human, or even a family for several generations. This should be reflected in microbial genetic adaption, also indicating which genes are likely important to successfully colonize the human gut.
I hypothesize that low abundance pro- and eukaryotes are adapted to persist for multiple generations in the human host, indicating their importance, despite being largely ignored so far.
To investigate this knowledge gap in EPYC, I will
(O1) Enable high-precision metagenomics of elusive microbes
(O2) Estimate pro- and eukaryotic strain persistence across three human generations
(O3) Describe the microbial genetics of gastrointestinal persistence
EPYC will develop the next-generation of high-resolution metagenomics of an extended taxonomic range, enabling me to research microbial evolution in the human gut.
Fields of science
Programme(s)
Topic(s)
Funding Scheme
ERC-STG - Starting GrantHost institution
NR4 7UQ Norwich
United Kingdom