Macroscopic Quantum Superpositions

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Publications

High-purity quantum optomechanics at room temperature

Author(s): Lorenzo Dania, Oscar Schmitt Kremer, Johannes Piotrowski, Davide Candoli, Jayadev Vijayan, Oriol Romero-Isart, Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero, Lukas Novotny, Martin Frimmer
Published in: Nature Physics, 2025, ISSN 1745-2473
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02976-9

Ultrastrong linear optomechanical interaction

Author(s): Kahan Dare, Jannek J. Hansen, Iurie Coroli, Aisling Johnson, Markus Aspelmeyer, Uroš Delić
Published in: Physical Review Research, Issue 6, 2024, ISSN 2643-1564
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l042025

Long-Axis Spinning of an Optically Levitated Particle: A Levitated Spinning Top

Author(s): J. A. Zielińska, F. van der Laan, A. Norrman, R. Reimann, M. Frimmer, L. Novotny
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 132, 2025, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.253601

Suppressing Recoil Heating in Levitated Optomechanics Using Squeezed Light

Author(s): C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, J.A. Zielińska, M. Rossi, A. Militaru, M. Frimmer, L. Novotny, P. Maurer, O. Romero-Isart
Published in: PRX Quantum, Issue 4, 2023, ISSN 2691-3399
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/prxquantum.4.030331

Quantum electrodynamics with a nonmoving dielectric sphere: quantizing Lorenz–Mie scattering

Author(s): Patrick Maurer, Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero, Oriol Romero-Isart
Published in: Journal of the Optical Society of America B, Issue 40, 2024, Page(s) 3137, ISSN 0740-3224
Publisher: Optical Society of America
DOI: 10.1364/josab.498540

Hot Schrödinger cat states

Author(s): Ian Yang, Thomas Agrenius, Vasilisa Usova, Oriol Romero-Isart, Gerhard Kirchmair
Published in: Science Advances, Issue 11, 2025, Page(s) eadr4492, ISSN 2375-2548
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adr4492

Characterizing stationary optomechanical entanglement in the presence of non-Markovian noise

Author(s): Su Direkci, Klemens Winkler, Corentin Gut, Markus Aspelmeyer, Yanbei Chen
Published in: Physical Review A, Issue 112, 2025, Page(s) 43512, ISSN 2469-9926
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/gysx-m9p2

Fast quantum interference of a nanoparticle via optical potential control

Author(s): Lukas Neumeier, Mario A. Ciampini, Oriol Romero-Isart, Markus Aspelmeyer, Nikolai Kiesel
Published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Issue 121, 2024, Page(s) e2306953121, ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306953121

Quantum Electrodynamics with a Nonmoving Dielectric Sphere: Quantizing Lorenz-Mie Scattering

Author(s): P. Maurer, C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, O. Romero-Isart
Published in: Journal of the Optical Society of America B: Optical Physics, Issue 40, 12, 2023, Page(s) 3137-3155, ISSN 0740-3224
Publisher: Optical Society of America
DOI: 10.1364/josab.498540

Ponderomotive Squeezing of Light by a Levitated Nanoparticle in Free Space

Author(s): Andrei Militaru, Massimiliano Rossi, Felix Tebbenjohanns, Oriol Romero-Isart, Martin Frimmer, Lukas Novotny
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 129, 2025, Page(s) 53602, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.053602

Force-Gradient Sensing and Entanglement via Feedback Cooling of Interacting Nanoparticles

Author(s): Henning Rudolph, Uroš Delić, Markus Aspelmeyer, Klaus Hornberger, Benjamin A. Stickler
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 129, 2025, Page(s) 193602, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.193602

Feedback cooling a levitated nanoparticle's libration to below 100 phonons

Author(s): Jialiang Gao, Fons van der Laan, Joanna A. Zielińska, Andrei Militaru, Lukas Novotny, Martin Frimmer
Published in: Physical Review Research, Issue 6, 2024, Page(s) 33009, ISSN 2643-1564
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.033009

Scalable all-optical cold damping of levitated nanoparticles

Author(s): Vijayan, Jayadev Zhang, Zhao Piotrowski, Johannes Windey, Dominik van der Laan, Fons Frimmer, Martin Novotny, Lukas
Published in: Nature Nanotechnology, Issue 2022, 2022, ISSN 1748-3387
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01254-6

Cavity-mediated long-range interactions in levitated optomechanics

Author(s): Jayadev Vijayan, Johannes Piotrowski, Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero, Kevin Weber, Oriol Romero-Isart, Lukas Novotny
Published in: Nature Physics, Issue 20, 2024, Page(s) 859-864, ISSN 1745-2473
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02405-3

Large Quantum Delocalization of a Levitated Nanoparticle using Optimal Control: Applications for Force Sensing and Entangling via Weak ForcesT. Weiss, M. Roda-Llordes, E. Torrontegui, M. Aspelmeyer, O. Romero-Isart

Author(s): T. Weiss, M. Roda-Llordes, E. Torrontegui, M. Aspelmeyer, O. Romero-Isart
Published in: Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 023601 (2021), 2021, ISSN 1079-7114
Publisher: APS Physical Review Letters
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.023601

Dry launching of silica nanoparticles in vacuum

Author(s): Ayub Khodaee, Kahan Dare, Aisling Johnson, Uroš Delić, Markus Aspelmeyer
Published in: AIP Advances, Issue 12, 2025, Page(s) 125023, ISSN 2158-3226
Publisher: American Institute of Physics Inc.
DOI: 10.1063/5.0124029

Quantum Delocalization of a Levitated Nanoparticle

Author(s): M. Rossi, A. Militaru, N. Carlon Zambon, A. Riera-Campeny, O. Romero-Isart, M. Frimmer, L. Novotny
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 135, 2025, Page(s) 83601, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/2yzc-fsm3

Radiation damping of a Rayleigh scatterer illuminated by a linearly polarized plane wave

Author(s): Mohammad Ali Abbassi, Lukas Novotny
Published in: Physical Review A, Issue 109, 2024, Page(s) 43531, ISSN 2469-9926
Publisher: Physical Review Journals
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.109.043531

Macroscopic quantum entanglement between an optomechanical cavity and a continuous field in presence of non-Markovian noise

Author(s): S. Direkci, K. Winkler, C. Gut, K. Hammerer, M. Aspelmeyer, and Y. Chen
Published in: PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH, Issue Phys. Rev. Research 6, 013175, 2024, Page(s) 13175, ISSN 2643-1564
Publisher: Purpose-led Publishing
DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013175

Motional entanglement of remote optically levitated nanoparticles

Author(s): N. Carlon Zambon, M. Rossi, M. Frimmer, L. Novotny, C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, O. Romero-Isart, A. Militaru
Published in: Physical Review A, Issue 111, 2025, Page(s) 013521, ISSN 2469-9926
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.111.013521

Optimization of static potentials for large delocalization and non-Gaussian quantum dynamics of levitated nanoparticles under decoherence

Author(s): Silvia Casulleras, Piotr T. Grochowski, Oriol Romero-Isart
Published in: Physical Review A, Issue 110, 2024, Page(s) 33511, ISSN 2469-9926
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.110.033511

Hybrid Paul-optical trap with large optical access for levitated optomechanics

Author(s): Eric Bonvin, Louisiane Devaud, Massimiliano Rossi, Andrei Militaru, Lorenzo Dania, Dmitry S. Bykov, Markus Teller, Tracy E. Northup, Lukas Novotny, Martin Frimmer
Published in: Physical Review Research, Issue 6, 2024, ISSN 2643-1564
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.043129

Simultaneous ground-state cooling of two mechanical modes of a levitated nanoparticle

Author(s): Piotrowski, Johannes Windey, Dominik Vijayan, Jayadev Gonzalez-Ballestero, Carlos de los Rios Sommer, Andrés Meyer, Nadinecc Quidant, Romain Romero-Isart, Oriol Reimann, René Novotny, Lukas
Published in: Nature Physics, Issue 2023, 2023, ISSN 1745-2473
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-023-01956-1

Scalable all-optical cold damping of levitated nanoparticles

Author(s): Jayadev Vijayan, Zhao Zhang, Johannes Piotrowski, Dominik Windey, Fons van der Laan, Martin Frimmer, Lukas Novotny
Published in: Nature Nanotechnology 18, 49 (2023), 2023, ISSN 1748-3387
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group

Levitated Optomechanics with Meta-Atoms

Author(s): S. Lepeshov, N. Meyer, P. Maurer, O. Romero-Isart, and R. Quidant
Published in: Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 233601 (2023), 2023, ISSN 1079-7114
Publisher: APS Physical Review Letters
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.233601

Quantum control of continuous systems via nonharmonic potential modulation

Author(s): Piotr T. Grochowski, Hannes Pichler, Cindy A. Regal, Oriol Romero-Isart
Published in: Quantum, Issue 9, 2025, Page(s) 1824, ISSN 2521-327X
Publisher: Verein zur Forderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften
DOI: 10.22331/q-2025-08-08-1824

Optical absorption of subwavelength silicon nanoparticles at telecom wavelengths

Author(s): Moritz Jünnemann, Nicola Carlon Zambon, Hiroshi Sugimoto, Minoru Fujii, Lukas Novotny, Martin Frimmer
Published in: Physical Review B, Issue 111, 2025, Page(s) 195304, ISSN 2469-9950
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.111.195304

Levitodynamics: Levitation and control of microscopic objects in vacuum

Author(s): Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero, Markus Aspelmeyer, Lukas Novotny, Romain Quidant and Oriol Romero-Isart
Published in: Science, Issue Volume 374, no. 6564, 2022, Page(s) eabg3027, ISSN 0036-8075
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
DOI: 10.1126/science.abg3027

Long-Axis Spinning of an Optically Levitated Particle: A Levitated Spinning Top

Author(s): J. A. Zielińska, F. van der Laan, A. Norrman, R. Reimann, M. Frimmer, L. Novotny
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 132, 2025, Page(s) 253601, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.253601

"High-<mml:math xmlns:mml=""http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"" display=""inline""><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Q</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> Magnetic Levitation and Control of Superconducting Microspheres at Millikelvin Temperatures"

Author(s): J. Hofer, R. Gross, G. Higgins, H. Huebl, O. F. Kieler, R. Kleiner, D. Koelle, P. Schmidt, J. A. Slater, M. Trupke, K. Uhl, T. Weimann, W. Wieczorek, M. Aspelmeyer
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 131, 2025, Page(s) 43603, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.043603

Force-Gradient Sensing and Entanglement via FeedbackCooling of Interacting Nanoparticles

Author(s): H. Rudolph, U. Delić, M. Aspelmeyer, K. Hornberger, B. A. Stickler
Published in: Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 193602, 2022, ISSN 1092-0145
Publisher: APS Physical Review Letter

Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity

Author(s): Philip Schmidt, Remi Claessen, Gerard Higgins, Joachim Hofer, Jannek J. Hansen, Peter Asenbaum, Martin Zemlicka, Kevin Uhl, Reinhold Kleiner, Rudolf Gross, Hans Huebl, Michael Trupke, Markus Aspelmeyer
Published in: Physical Review Applied, Issue 22, 2024, Page(s) 14078, ISSN 2331-7019
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.014078

Controlling Optomechanical Libration with the Degree of Polarization

Author(s): J. A. Zielińska, F. van der Laan, A. Norrman, M. Rimlinger, R. Reimann, L. Novotny, M. Frimmer
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 130, 2025, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.203603

High-purity quantum optomechanics at room temperature

Author(s): Lorenzo Dania, Oscar Schmitt Kremer, Johannes Piotrowski, Davide Candoli, Jayadev Vijayan, Oriol Romero-Isart, Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero, Lukas Novotny, Martin Frimmer
Published in: Nature Physics, Issue 21, 2025, Page(s) 1603-1608, ISSN 1745-2473
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02976-9

High-Q magnetic levitation and control of superconducting microspheres at millikelvin temperatures

Author(s): Joachim Hofer, Gerard Higgins, Hans Huebl, Oliver F. Kieler, Reinhold Kleiner, Dieter Koelle, Philip Schmidt, Joshua A. Slater, Michael Trupke, Kevin Uhl, Thomas Weimann, Witlef Wieczorek, Friedrich Wulschner, Markus Aspelmeyer
Published in: Volume 131, Issue 4, 2023, ISSN 1079-7114
Publisher: APS - Physical Review Letters
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.043603

Numerical simulation of large-scale nonlinear open quantum mechanics

Author(s): M. Roda-Llordes, D. Candoli, P. T. Grochowski, A. Riera-Campeny, T. Agrenius, J. J. García-Ripoll, C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, O. Romero-Isart
Published in: Physical Review Research, Issue 6, 2024, Page(s) 13262, ISSN 2643-1564
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013262

Quantum theory of light interaction with a Lorenz-Mie particle: Optical detection and three-dimensional ground-state cooling

Author(s): Patrick Maurer, Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero, Oriol Romero-Isart
Published in: Physical Review A, Issue 108, 2023, Page(s) 33714, ISSN 2469-9926
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.108.033714

Linear Ultrastrong Optomechanical Interaction

Author(s): Kahan Dare, Jannek J. Hansen, Iurie Coroli, Aisling Johnson, Markus Aspelmeyer, Uroš Delić
Published in: Physical Review Research, Issue 6, 4, 2024, Page(s) L042025, ISSN 2643-1564
Publisher: Physical Review Journals
DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l042025

Ponderomotive Squeezing of Light by a Levitated Nanoparticle in Free Space

Author(s): A. Militaru, M. Rossi, F. Tebbenjohanns, O. Romero-Isart, M. Frimmer, and L. Novotny.
Published in: Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 053602 (2022), 2022, ISSN 1092-0145
Publisher: APS - Physical Review Letters

Vacuum levitation and motion control on chip

Author(s): Bruno Melo, Marc T. Cuairan, Grégoire F. M. Tomassi, Nadine Meyer, Romain Quidant
Published in: Nature Nanotechnology, Issue 19, 2024, Page(s) 1270-1276, ISSN 1748-3387
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01677-3

Stabilizing nanoparticles in the intensity minimum: feedback levitation on an inverted potential

Author(s): Salambô Dago, J. Rieser, M. A. Ciampini, V. Mlynář, A. Kugi, M. Aspelmeyer, A. Deutschmann-Olek, N. Kiesel
Published in: Optics Express, Issue 32, 2024, Page(s) 45133, ISSN 1094-4087
Publisher: Optical Society of America
DOI: 10.1364/oe.541267

Macroscopic Quantum Superpositions via Dynamics in a Wide Double-Well Potential

Author(s): M. Roda-Llordes, A. Riera-Campeny, D. Candoli, P. T. Grochowski, O. Romero-Isart
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 132, 2025, Page(s) 23601, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.023601

State Expansion of a Levitated Nanoparticle in a Dark Harmonic Potential

Author(s): Bonvin, Eric ; Devaud, Louisiane; Rossi, Massimiliano; Militaru, Andrei Northup, Tracy E.; Novotny, Lukas ; Dania, Lorenzo; Bykov, Dmitry S.; Romero-Isart, Oriol; ; Frimmer, Martin
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 123(25), 2024, Page(s) 253602, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.253602

Wigner Analysis of Particle Dynamics and Decoherence in Wide Nonharmonic Potentials

Author(s): Andreu Riera-Campeny, Marc Roda-Llordes, Piotr T. Grochowski, Oriol Romero-Isart
Published in: Quantum, Issue 8, 2024, Page(s) 1393, ISSN 2521-327X
Publisher: Verein zur Forderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften
DOI: 10.22331/q-2024-07-02-1393

Mechanical Squeezing via Unstable Dynamics in a Microcavity

Author(s): K. Kustura, C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, A. de los Ríos Sommer, N. Meyer, R. Quidant, and O. Romero-Isart.
Published in: Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 143601 (2022), 2022, ISSN 1079-7114
Publisher: APS Review Physical Letters
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.143601

Ponderomotive Squeezing of Light by a Levitated Nanoparticle in Free Space

Author(s): Andrei Militaru, Massimiliano Rossi, Felix Tebbenjohanns, Oriol Romero-Isart, Martin Frimmer and Lukas Novotny
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 00319007, 2022, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.053602

Interaction Between an Optically Levitated Nanoparticle and Its Thermal Image: Internal Thermometry via Displacement SensingT. Agrenius, C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, P. Maurer, and O. Romero-Isart

Author(s): T. Agrenius, C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, P. Maurer, and O. Romero-Isart
Published in: Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 093601 (2023), 2023, ISSN 1079-7114
Publisher: APS Physical Review Letters
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.093601

Universality of Stationary Entanglement in an Optomechanical System Driven by Non-Markovian Noise and Squeezed Light

Author(s): Su Direkci, Klemens Winkler, Corentin Gut, Markus Aspelmeyer, Yanbei Chen
Published in: Physical Review Letters, Issue 135, 2025, Page(s) 153601, ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/vzhk-cdc3

Hollow-core fiber loading of nanoparticles into ultra-highvacuum

Author(s): S. Lindner, P. Juschitz, J. Rieser, Y. Y. Fein, M. Ciampini, M. Aspelmeyer, N. Kiesel
Published in: Applied Physics Letters, Issue Appl. Phys. Lett. 124, 143501 (2024), 2024, Page(s) 143501, ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher: American Institute of Physics
DOI: 10.1063/5.0190658

Numerical Simulation of Large-Scale Nonlinear Open Quantum Mechanics

Author(s): M. Roda-Llordes, D. Candoli, P. T. Grochowski, A. Riera-Campeny, T. Agrenius, J. J. Garca-Ripoll, C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, and O. Romero-Isart
Published in: arXiv:2306.09083, 2023
Publisher: arXiv

Fast Quantum Interference of a Nanoparticle via Optical Potential Control

Author(s): L. Neumeier, M. Ciampini, O. Romero-Isart, M. Aspelmeyer, and N. Kiesel
Published in: arXiv:2207.12539, 2022
Publisher: arXiv

Quantum Theory of Light Interaction with a Dielectric Sphere: Towards 3D Ground-State Cooling

Author(s): P. Maurer, C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, and O. Romero-Isart
Published in: arXiv:2212.04838, 2022
Publisher: ArXiv

Macroscopic Quantum Superpositions in a Wide Double-Well Potential

Author(s): M. Roda-Llordes, A. Riera-Campeny, D. Candoli, P. T. Grochowski, and O. Romero-Isart
Published in: arXiv:2303.07959, 2023
Publisher: ArXiv

Quantum Electrodynamics with a Nonmoving Dielectric Sphere: Quantizing Lorenz-Mie Scattering

Author(s): P. Maurer, C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, O. Romero-Isart
Published in: arXiv:2106.07975, 2021
Publisher: arXiv

Suppressing Recoil Heating in Levitated Optomechanics using Squeezed Light

Author(s): C. Gonzalez-Ballestero, J. A. Zielińska, M. Rossi, A. Militaru, M. Frimmer, L. Novotny, P. Maurer, and O. Romero-Isart
Published in: arXiv:2209.05858, 2022
Publisher: arXiv

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